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146 proved as a candidate for the ministry and invited to supply the pulpit of the Congregational church at Granville. In September, 1783, he was married to Miss Elizabeth Babbat, of Hartford, a young white woman of intelligence and respectability, and in 1785 was ordained by the Association of ministers of Litchfield county. He preached two years at Torrington, but resigned on account of a prejudice in his congregation against his race, and was then called to Rutland, ministering with great success for thirty years. In 1818 he removed to Manchester, where he was involved in the celebrated trial of the Boom brothers, who were convicted and sentenced to be hanged for the supposed murder of an insane man named Russel Calvin. Mr. Haynes visited them in prison, became convinced of their innocence, and appeared as their advocate. When Calvin returned to Manchester a few days previous to the date fixed for the execution, it was regarded by the masses as a direct answer to the prayers of the colored preacher. In 1822 he was called to Granville, N. Y., where he remained pastor until his death. He was characterized by subtle intellect, keen wit, and an eager thirst for knowledge. He published "Sermon against Universalism," in reply to Hosea Ballou (Torrington, 1805). His life was written by James E. Cooley (New York, 1848).

HAYNIE, Isham Nicolas, soldier, b. in Dover, Tenn., 18 Nov., 1824; d. in Springfield, Ill., in November, 1868. He removed to Illinois in early childhood, received little education, and worked on a farm to obtain means to study law, in which he was licensed to practise in 1846. He served throughout the Mexican war as 1st lieutenant of the 6th Illinois volunteers, resumed his profession in 1849, and was a member of the legislature in 1850. He was graduated at the Kentucky law-school in 1852, and in 1856 was appointed judge of the court of common pleas at Cairo, Ill. He canvassed the state as presidential elector on the Douglas ticket in 1860, and in 1861 raised and organized the 48th Illinois infantry, being commissioned its colonel. He participated in the battles of Fort Henry, Fort Donelson, Shiloh, where he was severely wounded, and Corinth. He was defeated as war candidate for congress in 1862, and on 29 Nov. of this year received the appointment of brigadier-general of volunteers. He resumed his profession in 1864, and subsequently became adjutant-general of Illinois.

HAYS, Alexander, soldier, b. in Franklin, Venango co., Pa., 8 July, 1819; killed in the battle of the Wilderness, 5 May, 1864. He was graduated at the U. S. military academy in 1844 with Winfield S. Hancock and Alfred Pleasonton. As 2d lieutenant of the 8th infantry, he entered on the Mexican campaign, and won special distinction in the engagement near Atlixco. In April 1848, he resigned his commission in the army, and settled in Venango county, Pa., where he engaged in the manufacture of iron in 1848-'50, was assistant engineer on railroads in 1850-'4, and from 1854 till 1861 was a civil engineer in Pittsburg. When the war began in 1861, Hays re-entered the service as colonel of the 63d Pennsylvania regiment, and with the rank of captain in the 16th regular infantry, to date from 14 May, 1861. In the peninsula he was attached with his regiment to the first brigade of Kearny's division of Heintzelman's corps, and at the close of the seven days' contest he was brevetted lieutenant-colonel. He took part in the Maryland campaign, and was appointed brigadier-general of volunteers, 29 Sept., 1862. He was wounded at Chancellorsville while at the head of his brigade. He commanded the 3d division of his corps at the battle of Gettysburg, and, after Hancock was wounded, was temporarily in command, gaining the brevet of colonel in the United States army. He was engaged at Auburn and Mine Run. When the Army of the Potomac was reorganized, Hays was placed in command of the second brigade of Birney's 3d division of the 2d corps. In this capacity he fought, and gallantly met his death during the terrible struggle toward the junction of the Plank and Brock roads, which was the feature of the first day's fighting in the Wilderness. Gen. Hays was frank and brave, quick and full of energy, and was a great favorite with his men.

HAYS, Isaac, physician, b. in Philadelphia, Pa., 5 July, 1796; d. there, 13 April, 1879. He was graduated at the University of Pennsylvania in 1816, and at the medical department of that institution in 1820. Dr. Hays became known to the public principally through his editorial work on medical journals and books. In February, 1827, he joined the staff of the "Philadelphia Journal of the Medical and Physical Sciences," which had been established in 1820, becoming its sole editor in November of the same year, when with enlargement this paper assumed the name of "The American Journal of the Medical Sciences," and he continued in that capacity until 1869, when his son, Dr. I. Minis Hays, became his associate. Of all the other medical journals in existence at the time of its establishment, the sole survivor (1887) is the "Edinburgh Medical Journal." In 1843 he established the "Medical News," and in 1874 the "Monthly Abstract of Medical Science," both of which journals were also published in Philadelphia. He was elected a member of the Academy of natural sciences of Philadelphia in 1818, and was its president from 1865 till 1869, also one of the founders, and for many years secretary, of the Franklin institute, being at the time of his death its oldest member. Dr. Hays was one of the oldest members of the College of physicians in Philadelphia, and for many years one of its censors. Besides being a member of scientific bodies both at home and abroad, he was one of the founders of the American medical association, and author of its code of ethics, which has been since adopted by every state and county medical society in the United States. In addition to his journals, he edited Wilson's "American Ornithology" (Philadelphia, 1828); Hoblyn's "Dictionary of Terms used in Medicine and the Collateral Sciences" (1846; new ed., 1855); Laurence's "Treatise on Diseases of the Eye" (1847: several new eds.); and Arnott's "Elements of Physics" (1855).

HAYS, Jacob, high-constable, b. in Bedford, Westchester co., N. Y., 5 May, 1772; d. in New York city in June, 1850. He received a common-school education, and soon afterward came to New York city, where he became a policeman. In 1801 Edward Livingston, then mayor, appointed him high-constable, which office he held forty-nine years, until his death. Mr. Hays became a noted