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Rh infant, so that Gov. Hayne stood very much in the place of a father to his nephew, superintending his education, and always guiding him by his counsel. The family had independent means, so that young Hayne had every advantage of education that his native city could offer. Under the eye of his mother, a woman of rare character, and the guardianship of his uncle, he was thoroughly educated, and was graduated at the College of South Carolina with distinction at an early age. He studied law and entered on its practice, but from his earliest years the bent of his mind had been toward literature. As a mere child, he had pored over Froissart's “Chronicles,” the old dramatists, Shakespeare, and the earlier poets. His study of the literature of the Elizabethan age never ceased, and probably no man in the United States was more saturated with its spirit than he. As a consequence of this taste he gave up the practice of law, and addressed himself wholly to literary life. When only twenty-three years of age he edited “Russell's Magazine,” a southern literary periodical, and afterward the “Charleston Literary Gazette”; and with his friends William Gilmore Simms, Henry Timrod, and others, he helped to create such a literary atmosphere in his native city as had not existed before that time. The civil war interrupted all Mr. Hayne's life-plans. He entered at once into service as one of Gov. Pickens's aides, remaining on duty till his naturally delicate health entirely disabled him for active service. During the war he continued constantly to write stirring lyrics, which exerted no small influence throughout the south. During the bombardment of Charleston his home was burned to the ground, consuming his large library, and all the ancestral belongings of generations. Thenceforth he became an exile from his native city, and, having been impoverished by the war, went to Augusta, Ga., where he supported his family by editorial work. He established himself at length on a few acres of pine-land, and built a small cottage, where, with his wife and son, he resided until his death. Here he labored unremittingly, suffering continually from feeble health, and keeping the wolf from his door only by the point of his pen. His health began seriously to fail about 1882, though he labored with untiring energy at his literary work till within a short period of his death. Mr. Hayne left enough manuscript to fill two volumes. No southern poet has ever written so much or done so much to give a literary impulse to his section, so that he well deserves the title that has been bestowed upon him by his English friends, as well as by his own people, “the Laureate of the South.” Among the tributes to Mr. Hayne was a sonnet by Philip Bourke Marston, the English poet. His published volumes are “Poems” (Boston, 1855); “Sonnets and Other Poems” (New York, 1857); “Avolio, a Legend of the Island of Cos” (Boston, 1859); “Legends and

Lyrics” (Philadelphia, 1872); “The Mountain of the Lovers, and Other Poems” (New York, 1873); Lives of Robert Y. Hayne and Hugh S. Legaré (1878); and a complete illustrated edition of his poems (Boston, 1882). He also edited Henry Timrod's poems, with a memoir (New York, 1872).  HAYNES, Henry Williamson, archæologist, b. in Bangor, Me., 20 Sept., 1831. He was the son of Nathaniel Haynes, who was editor of the “Eastern Republican,” one of the principal Democratic newspapers in New England during Andrew Jackson's administration. The son was graduated at Harvard in 1851, and, after teaching, studied law, and practised for several years. Subsequently he was called to fill the chair of Latin in the University of Vermont, and later he became professor of Greek in the same institution, but resigned in 1873 to devote his time to archaeology. He then sailed for Europe, where he spent six years in systematic study among the antiquities of various countries, also taking part in several international congresses. The winter of 1877-8 he spent in Egypt, seeking for evidences of the palæolithic age in that country. The results of his investigations were presented at the International congress of anthropological sciences that was held in Paris in 1878, where he was rewarded with a medal and a diploma, and his paper was afterward published in the “Memoirs of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.” Since his return to the United States he has resided in Boston, where he is a member of the school-board and a trustee of the public library, and has devoted much of his time to archæology. He has contributed to scientific and literary journals, and to the proceedings of learned bodies.  HAYNES, John, statesman, b. in Copford Hall, Essex, England; d. in Hartford, Conn., 1 March, 1654. He came to this country in 1633 with the Rev. Edward Hooker, and in 1634 was assistant, and in 1635 governor, of Massachusetts Bay colony. Removing to Connecticut in 1636, he became its first governor, and served every alternate year until his death. He was one of the five authors of the first constitution of Connecticut in 1638, which embodies the main points of all subsequent state constitutions and of the Federal constitution. He is described as of “large estate and larger affections; of heavenly mind and spotless life, sagacious, accurate, and dear to the people by his benevolent virtues and disinterested conduct.”—His son, Joseph, clergyman, b. in Hartford in 1638; d. there, 24 May, 1679, was graduated at Harvard in 1658, supplied the pulpit at Wethersfield. Conn., and was pastor of the 1st church in Hartford in 1664. He was ordained as a colleague of the Rev. John Whiting, who held Congregationalist doctrines, while Mr. Haynes represented the Presbyterian element. The disputes which ensued divided the Hartford church, Mr. Whiting refusing to hold communion with Mr. Haynes and his party. In February, 1670, Mr. Whiting, with thirty-one members, withdrew, and formed the 2d church of Hartford, leaving Mr. Haynes in possession.  HAYNES, Lemuel, clergyman, b. in West Hartford, Conn., 18 July, 1753; d. in Granville, N. Y., 28 Sept., 1833. He was a mulatto, and his early life was spent in domestic service. In 1775 he enlisted as a minute-man in the colonial army, joined the forces at Roxbury, Mass., and in 1776 was a volunteer in the expedition to Ticonderoga. At the close of the northern campaign he returned to his home in Granville, worked on a farm, and acquired an education without masters, becoming, in a comparatively short time, a respectable Greek and Latin scholar. In November of 1780 he was 