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652 extraction. The son removed with him to Vir- ginia when quite young, and there received the rudiments of a classical education. In 1824 he went to Florida, studied law, and engaged in planting. He was elected a delegate to congress from that territory, and served from 31 March, 1841, till 3 March, 1845, under the name of David Levy, but afterward changed it to David Levy Yulee, under which designation he was subsequently known. He was a delegate to the State constitutional convention, was elected a U. S. senator from Florida as a Democrat, serving from 1 Dec, 1845, till 3 March, 1851, and was again in the senate from 3 Dec, 1855, till 21 Jan., 1861, when he retired to join the southern Confederacy. During the civil war he served as a member of the Confederate congress, and at its termination was confined as a prisoner of state at Fort Pulaski until he was pardoned. At one time he was president of the Atlantic and Gulf railroad in Florida. Mr. Yulee was interested in the development of Fernandina and Cedar Keys, and was one of the corporators of the railroad between those two places.

YUNG WING, diplomatist, b. in Nan Ping, Province of Kwang Tung, China, 17 Nov., 1828. He became a pupil of Samuel R. Brown, D. D., who was then a teacher in China under the auspices of the Morrison education society, and accompanied Dr. Brown to the United States in April, 1847. He was graduated at Yale in 1854, and was engaged in the tea and silk business until 1864, when he entered the service of the Chinese government, and was commissioned to purchase machinery in the United States for what is now the Kiang Nan arsenal. In 1870, at Tientsin, he submitted four propositions to the high commissioners that had been appointed to settle the affair of the massacre of Christians at that place. The first was the transportation of the tribute rice in steamers by sea, freight to be paid by the government as subsidy to a Chinese stock company to create a fleet of ocean and river steamers,. This company is now the well-known China merchant steam navigation company. Secondly, he proposed the education of Chinese youths abroad, to facilitate intercourse with foreigners, and develop the resources of the empire. The third proposal was the opening of the rivers of China, and the fourth to terminate the pretensions of the Roman Catholic church in her claim to exercise jurisdiction over native proselytes. The first and second propositions were carried out in 1872, and within the next two years 120 youth were sent to the United States in charge of commissioners, one of whom was Yung Wing, who was made a mandarin of the third rank by brevet. In 1874 he went to Peru to investigate the affairs of the Chinese laborers there. In 1878 he was appointed assistant minister resident of China at Washington, with privilege of wearing the button of the second rank by brevet. In 1881 the Chinese students were recalled, and the educational scheme was abandoned. In 1882 he returned to China, and was appointed expectant intendant of Kiang Su province; but on account of the health of his wife he returned to Hartford, Conn. He was made a citizen of the United States on 30 Oct., 1852, and in 1875, married Miss Mary Kellogg, of Avon, Conn., who died on 29 May, 1886.

TVER DE CHAZELLES, Jean Pierre (ee- vair), French navigator, b. in St. Aubin du Cor- mier in 1709; d. there in 1786. In 1750 he ob- tained the command of an expedition to search for the northwest passage, and, after visiting Ice- land, anchored in June at Vagna-f jord, on the coast of Greenland, where he built barracks. He under- took an expedition to the interior, and discovered a chain of high mountains, which were seen again in 1869 by the Austrian scientific expedition of Karl Koldewey. Resuming his journey, he coasted Greenland, prepared a valuable chart of all its in- lets and fjords, and anchored at Vorland island, 81° north latitude. He was the first navigator to reach 81° 30' north latitude, where he was impris- oned by icebergs from December, 1750, till March, 1751, and then drifted to the south, visiting Spitz- bergen on the homeward journey. He related the results of his expedition in " Voyage a la recherche du passage du Nord - Ouest " (4 vols., Rennes, 1752-'3). Yver was promoted brigadier-general of the naval forces, and fought with credit in the West Indies, twice relieving Tobago, raising the blockade of Cape Francais in Santo Domingo, and defending St. Vincent and Grenada. From 1764 till 1766 he was occupied in making a chart of the Caribbean sea, and in 1766-'8 he visited Mexico. He made in 1769 an expedition to the coast of Patagonia and the Strait of Lemaire, and retired in 1772, but re-entered active service when France joined in the war for American independence, and was employed in the West Indies and the Indian and Pacific oceans. Yver's works include " Atlas de la mer des Antilles " (Rennes, 1773) ; " In- structions aux navigateurs sur le debouquement de Saint Domingue " (1774) ; " De Mexico a Aca- pulco dans le royaume de la Nouvelle Espagne, avec un apercu sur l'etat politique et la condi- tion sociale des lndiens " (2 vols., 1778) : and " His- toire de la marine Francaise au dixseptieme siecle " (4 vols., 1784-"6).

YVES D'EVREUX, Pierre (eev - day - vro), French missionary, b. in Normandy about 1570 ; d. in Evreux about 1630. He entered the Capuchin order and was prior of the convent at Evreux in 1611, when he was named one of the three missionaries to accompany Claude d'Abbeville to Brazil. They anchored opposite Marajo island, at the mouth of the Amazon, built houses and a chapel on the island, and were soon on friendly terms with the Indians. Father Claude returned to France in 1612, and Yves led an expedition through the interior of Brazil, collecting medicinal plants and specimens in natural history. Early in 1613 Razilly sailed for La Rochelle, leaving about twenty soldiers to guard the fort, and promised re-enforcements and supplies ; but they never came, and Father Claude freighted a schooner, which carried the settlers and missionaries to the West Indies. Yves wrote an account of his voyage to Brazil which was published at the end of Claude d'Abbeville's narrative, " Histoire de la mission des P. P. Capucins, a l'ile de Maragnon et terres circonvoisines " (Paris, 1615), and was reprinted with notes and an introduction by Ferdinand Denis, from the only known copy, which is preserved in the national library at Paris. It is entitled " Voyage dans le nord du Brcsil, fait pendant les annees 1611 a 1614" (Paris, 1864).