Page:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography (1889, volume 6).djvu/59

Rh resume command of the naval defences of Georgia. At his request a court of inquiry was ordered to investigate the destruction of the •' Merrimac," and he was censured for destroying the vessel without attacking the enemy's fleet, and for not taking her to Hog island to defend the James river. He then demanded a regular court-martial, which met at Richmond, 5 July, 18(52, and, after a thorough in- vestigation, honorably acquitted him. He was indefatigable in his efforts to defend Savannah river, but in January, 1865, he was obliged to de- stroy all the vessels he had collected. He then went to Augusta, where he was included in the parole of the surrender of Gen. Joseph E. Johnston's army. He remained there until 12 June, 1866, when he took his family to Nova Scotia, after first obtaining permission from the war department to leave the country. He resided near Halifax, but his pecun- iary resources became nearly exhausted, and in 1870 he returned to his home in quest of employ- ment. On 5 Jan., 1870, the mayor and city council appointed him inspector of the port of Savannah. He held this office, which had been created for him, for seventeen months, when it was abolished by his death. See " The Life of Commodore Tatt- nall," by Charles C. Jones, assisted by J. R. F. Tattnall, the commodore's son (Savannah, 1878).

TAUSTE, Francisco (tah-oo'-stay), Spanish missionary,!), in Tauste, Aragon, about 1630; d. in Venezuela toward the end of the 17th century. He entered the Capuchin order in Spain, and was sent as a missionary to the coast of Cumana, where he soon became proficient in the Indian languages of that province, and evangelized numerous tribes. He wrote " Arte y Diccionario de la Lengua de Cumana" (Madrid, 1680), and, according to Juan de San Antonio, in his " Biblioteca Franciscana," left in manuscript " Doctrina Cristiana para in- struccion de los Indios Chaimas, Cumanagotas, Cores y Parias, en sus respectivos Idiomas."

TAVARES-BASTOS, Aureliano Candido (tah-vah'-ravs), Brazilian lawyer, b. in Pernambuco in 1840 ; d.* in Nice, France, 3 Dec, 1875. After finishing his studies he was admitted to the bar of his native city, and soon attained prominence as an able and eloquent orator. He was counsel for several political prisoners, advocated religious free- dom with great vehemence, and participated in the movement that led to the abolition of slavery throughout the empire. He was a member of the Brazilian parliament in 1872, but his health failing he went to Nice, where he died. His works in- clude " Cartas de um solitario " (Rio Janeiro, 1865) ; " O valle do rio Amazonas " (1869) ; " Estudos sobre algumas reformacOes legislativas " (1870) ; and sev- eral political pamphlets.

TAYERNIER, Jacques (tah-vair-ne-ay), called Le Lyonnais, French buccaneer, b. in Lyons, France, about 1625 ; d. in Havana, Cuba, in 1673. He early followed the sea, served on privateers in the Gulf of Mexico, and later joined the buccaneers in Tortugas. He took part in most of the expe- ditions under the leadership of Laurent van Graaf, Grand mount, Jacques Nau, Pierre le Pieard, Henry Morgan, and other famous chiefs, but never com- manded a strong following, as he was unable to read and write. After 1664, however, he was the owner of the ship " La Perle," carrying twelve can- nons, and he made some daring inroads on the coasts of Venezuela, Panama, Cuba, and even Mexico. He assisted at the capture of Maracaibo in 1666, and of Porto Cabello in 1667, was with Morgan at Panama in 1671, and later ravaged with Bradley the Bay of Honduras. On returning from the last expedition he fell in with two Spanish men-of-war ; a desperate battle ensued, and one of the Spanish ships took fire and was obliged to head for the coast. Tavernier and his buccaneers boarded the other vessel and had nearly captured it, when a sudden storm parted the cables that lashed the two vessels together. The buccaneers retreated in great haste to their ship, but a few, including the chief, were unable to regain it, as the two vessels parted. The fight continued, nevertheless, for some time on board the Spanish vessel, but Tavernier being severely wounded, the buccaneers, deprived of their chief, lost courage and were finally overcome. Tavernier was brought nearly dying to Havana, where he was immediately executed before the palace of the audiencia.

TAYLOR, Alexander Smith, ethnologist, b. in Charleston, S. C, 16 April, 1817 ; d. near Santa Bar- bara. Cal., 27 July, 1876. He received a limited education, left Charleston in 1837, travelled for several years in the West Indies and in India and China, went to California from Hong Kong in 1848, and lived at Monterey till 1860, where he was clerk of the U. S. district court in 1853, and afterward on a ranch near Santa Barbara. He has written for magazines and newspapers articles on the Indian races, the history of California, and natural history. He published a translation of the diary of Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo, under the title of " The First Voyage to the Coast of California " (San Francisco, 1853) ; a " History of Grasshoppers and Locusts of America" in the "Report" of the Smithsonian institution for 1858 ; " The Indianology of Cali- fornia" in the "California Farmer" (1860-'4); and " Bibliographia Californica " in the Sacramento " Union " (1863-6).

TAYLOR, Alfred, naval officer, b. in Fairfax county, Va., 23 May, 1810. He entered the navy as a midshipman, 1 Nov., 1826, became a passed midshipman, 4 June, 1831, and was commissioned a lieutenant, 9 Feb., 1837. During the Mexican war he was attached to the frigate " Cumberland " in the blockade of Vera Cruz and in some of the operations on the coast. He served at the Wash- ington navy-yard in 1848-'51, and in the steamer " Mississippi " with Perry's expedition to Japan in 1853-'5, was commissioned commander, 14 Sept., 1855, and commanded the sloop " Saratoga " on the coa§t of Africa when the civil war opened in 1861. He was commissioned captain, 16 July, 1862, and was attached to the navy-yard at Boston in 1862-'5. He commanded the flag-ship "Susquehanna" on the Brazil station in 1866, and was promoted to commodore, 27 Sept., 1866. He was then on wait- ing orders until February, 1869, when he was ap- pointed light-house inspector. He was promoted to rear-admiral, 29 Jan., 1872, and was retired by operation of law, 23 May, 1872. He has been a resi- dent of New York city since his retirement.

TAYLOR, Alfred, clergyman, b. in Philadel- phia, Pa., in 1831. He was pastor of Presbyterian churches at Bristol and Williamsport, Pa. He has exerted himself for the improvement of Sunday- school teaching, and in 1870-'l conducted a weekly called the " Sunday-School Workman." His pub- lications include "Union Praver-Meeting Hymn- Book " (Philadelphia, 1858) ; " Sunday-School Pho- tographs" (Boston and Edinburgh, 1864); "Extra Hvmn-Book" (Philadelphia, 1864); and "Hints about Sunday-School Work " (1869).

TAYLOR, Archibald Alexander Edward, educator, b. in Springfield, Ohio, 27 Aug., 1834. He was graduated at Princeton in 1854, and at the theological seminary there in 1857. He was pastor of a Presbyterian church at Portland, Ky., in 1857-'9, then at Dubuque, Iowa, till 1865, for the