Page:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography (1889, volume 6).djvu/392

362 He emigrated to Burlington, Iowa, in 1844, and became interested in journalism and polities in that locality. He was appointed second assistant postmaster-general in 1849, and afterward served as first assistant. During the civil war he was in command of the 1st Iowa cavalry, and he became brigadier-general of volunteers, 16 July, 1862, and afterward major-general by brevet, being mustered out of the service, 24 Aug., 1865. He was a member of the Iowa state senate in 1866, minister to Guatemala in 1867-'8, and a presidential elector on the Democratic ticket in 1872. He was editor of the Burlington (Iowa) "Hawkeye" for a time, and was also, at a later period, connected with the "Sun" and the "Tribune" in New York city.

WARREN, George William, musician, b. in Albany, N. Y., 17 Aug., 1828. He displayed musical talent early in life, but for seven years was engaged in business. During that time he began to study music, and played the organ at St. Peter's church, Albany. He subsequently settled in New York, where he became a successful organist. In 1860 he was invited to take charge of the music of the Church of the Holy Trinity, Brooklyn, and ten years later he became organist of St. Thomas's church. He has written much church music and several pieces for the piano, and has published " Hymns and Tunes as sung at St. Thomas's Church, New York" (New York, 1888).

WARREN, Gouverneur Kemble, soldier, b. in Cold Spring, N. Y., 8 Jan., 1830; d. in Newport, R. I., 8 Aug., 1882. He was graduated at the U. S. military academy in 1850, standing second in his class, and was assigned to the topographical engineers as brevet 2d lieutenant. After four years of duty in connection with the surveys of the delta of the Mississippi and other river surveys under Capt. Andrew A. Humphreys, he engaged in compiling reports of the Pacific railroad exploration. In 1855 he accompanied the Sioux expedition as chief topographical engineer on Gen. William S. Harney's staff, being engaged in the action of Blue Water, and subsequently until 1859 he was occupied in Dakota and Nebraska in making maps of those territories for the exploration of the routes for railroads between Mississippi river and the Pacific ocean. The general direction of this route was under Capt. Humphreys, and Lieut. Warren was his principal assistant. He then served at the military academy as assistant professor of mathematics until the beginning of the civil war, when he entered active service as lieutenant-colonel of the 5th New York volunteers, of which regiment he became colonel on 31 Aug., 1861. He was also promoted captain in the engineers on 9 Sept., 1861. His regiment was ordered to Fortress Monroe and he took part in the action of Big Bethel, where he was the last to leave the field, remaining to rescue the body of Lieut. John T. Greble, the first officer in the regular army killed in the civil war. During the remainder of the year he was stationed at Baltimore, where he constructed the fort on Federal Hill. In the spring of 1862 he joined the Army of the Potomac, serving in the peninsular campaign, and at Yorktown his regiment formed part of the siege-train under the command of the chief of artillery. He was given a brigade in the 5th army corps in May, with which he covered the extreme right of the army and took part in the capture of Hanover Court-House, the pursuit of Confederate cavalry under Gen. James E. B. Stuart, the battle of Gaines's Mills, the affair at Malvern Hill and subsequent battle, and the skirmish at Harrison's Landing. His brigade was then sent to re-enforce Gen. John Pope, and he participated in

the battle of Manassas. In the subsequent campaign he served with the 5th corps, was engaged at Antietam, and then took part in the Rappahannock campaign and the battle of Fredericksburg. On 26 Sept., 1862, he was appointed brigadier-general of volunteers for his services at Gaines's Mills. During the winter months of 1862-'3 he did much individual work in reconnoitring and correcting maps, and on 2 Feb., 1863, he was ordered, as chief of topographical engineers, to the staff of Gen. Joseph Hooker, then in command of the Army of the Potomac. Soon after the consolidation of the two corps of engineers on 3 March, 1863, he was appointed chief of engineers of the Army of the Potomac, and during the Chancellorsville campaign he took part in the action on Orange Pike, the storming of Marye's Heights, and the battle of Salem. He continued as chief of engineers under Gen. George G. Meade, and was engaged at Gettysburg, where he seized Little Round Top, the key to the entire National position, and, using Gen. Meade's name as his staff-officer, ordered the 140th New York regiment, under Col. Patrick H. O'Rorke (q. v.) to occupy the hill. This was accomplished after a severe hand-to-hand fight. Thereafter he was engaged in engineering duties connected with the passage of the Potomac until 11 Aug., when on the receipt of his major-general's commission, bearing date of 3 May previous, he was assigned to the temporary command of the 2d corps. His next important service was during the march on Centerville in October, 1863, when he was attacked by Gen. Ambrose P. Hill, and, although his force was about one half that of the Confederates, he held his position until he was re-enforced by the 5th corps. In the official report it was said: &ldquo;The handling of the 2d corps in this operation, and the promptitude, skill, and spirit with which the enemy was met, were admirable.&rdquo; When the Army of the Potomac was reorganized into three corps for the Richmond campaign, he received the permanent command of the 5th corps and participated in the battles of the Wilderness, North Anna, Bethesda Church, Cold Harbor, and those around Petersburg. Before the battle of Five Forks, Gen. Sheridan, having expressed to Gen. Grant his dissatisfaction with Gen. Warren's habit of criticising the acts and orders of his superior officers, received authority to remove him, should there be satisfactory reasons for so doing. At Five Forks, when the 5th corps advanced according to Gen. Sheridan's orders, it was found that the indicated point of attack was too far to the right. This error was corrected by Gen. Warren, who in person led the charge that closed the battle and secured the victory. At this moment he received an order relieving him from the command of his corps. The reasons given by Gen. Sheridan for this act were: 1. &ldquo;That Warren failed to reach me on the 1st of April, when I had reason to expect him&rdquo;; 2. &ldquo;That the tactical handling of his corps was unskilful&rdquo;; 3. &ldquo;That he did not exert himself to get his corps up to Gravelly run church&rdquo;; and 4. &ldquo;That when portions of his line gave way he did not exert himself to restore confidence to his