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348 Massachusetts forces. He was in nominal com- mand at the battle of Bunker Hill, though he re- mained at headquarters in Cambridge and had no share in determining the events of that day. On 17 June he was appointed by the Continental con- gress first on the list of major-gen- erals, and he was in command of the forces besieging Boston until the ar- rival of Gen. Wash- ington, after which he was second in command, being stationed with the right wing on Rox- bury heights. In consequence of im- paired health he resigned his com- mission in April, 1776, but at the re- quest of Gen. Wash- ington he contin- ued to act until the end of May. He was elected chief justice of the court of common pleas of Worcester county in 1776, was president of the Massachusetts executive coun- cil in 1777, and a member of the legislature for six- teen years, serving as speaker in 1785. In 1779 he was appointed a delegate to the Continental con- gress, but, owing to failing health, did not take his seat. Being afterward elected to congress as a Fed- eralist, he served from 4 Oct., 1791, till 3 March, 1795. He possessed integrity and unyielding prin- ciples, and his judicial conduct, especially during Shays's rebellion in 1786, was highly commended.— His son, Artenias, jurist, b. in Shrewsbury, Mass., 9 Jan., 1762 ; d. in Boston, Mass., 7 Oct., 1847, was graduated at Harvard in 1783, studied law. was ad- mitted to the bar, and practised in Shrewsbury un- til 1809, when he removed to Boston. He served in the legislature, was a member of the council, and was elected to the 13th congress as a peace candi- date, serving from 24 May, 1813, till 3 March, 1817. From 1820 till 1839 he was chief justice of the court of comnion pleas. Harvard gave him the degree of LL. D. in 1842.

WARD, Christopher Longstreet, lawyer, b. in New Milford, Susquehanna co., Pa., in 1807 ; d. in Towanda, Pa., 14 May, 1870. His father, William Ward, emigrated from Litchfield county, Conn. Christopher was apprenticed to a printer, and from January, 1831, till March, 1836, published the " Susquehanna Register " at Montrose, Pa. In 1832 materials that he had collected for a history of Susquehanna county were destroyed by fire. In 1837 he was admitted to the bar. In 1840 he removed to Towanda, Bradford co., where he lent his aid to many enterprises of lasting benefit to the town. He was agent for many of the large landed estates in northern Pennsylvania, was president of the Atlantic and Great Western railway during its construction through the state, and through his instrumentality the means for its early completion were obtained in Europe. He was a personal friend of Andrew Jackson, and active in the counsels of the Democratic party, but never held office. Mr. Ward collected a library of about 10,000 volumes, which contained, it is said, more rare works than any other private library in the state. His collec- tion of autographs was unusually complete. This library, with his pictures and collections of art. was presented by his family to Lafayette college.

WARD, Durbin, lawyer, b. in Augusta, Ky., 11 Feb., 1819 ; d. in Lebanon, Ohio, 22 May, 1886. He removed with his family to Fayette county, Ind., where he was brought up on a farm, entered Miami university at the age of nineteen, remain- ing two years, then studied law with Thomas Cor- win, and, on being admitted to practice in 1842, became his partner. From 1845 till 1851 he was prosecuting attorney of Warren county, Ohio. He was elected to the first legislature under the pres- ent constitution in 1851, was defeated as a Demo- cratic candidate for congress in 1856, also as nomi- nee for the office of attorney-general of Ohio in 1858, and in 1860 was a member of the Democratic national convention that met at Charleston, S. C, and reassembled at Baltimore, Md., in which he supported the candidacy of Stephen A. Douglas. He enlisted in the National army as a private,, served in West Virginia under Gen. George B„ McClellan, and subsequently took part in the cam- paigns of Gen. George H. Thomas, being appointed major of the 17th Ohio infantrv on 17 Aug., 1861 r and lieutenant-colonel on 31 Dec, 1862. He re- ceived a disabling wound at Chickamauga and was mustered out without his knowledge ; but he ob- tained the recall of the order, was made colonel of his regiment on 13 Nov., 1863, and with a crippled arm served through the remainder of the war, be- ing brevetted brigadier-general on 18 Oct., 1865.. In November. 1866, he was appointed U. S. district attorney for the southern district of Ohio, but he was removed when Gen. Grant became president. He entered the state senate in 1870. The plan of the present circuit-court system of Ohio was drafted by him. Gen. Ward was a political orator, and at the Democratic national convention of 1884 pre- sented the name of Allen G. Thurman as a candi- date for the presidency. He began, but did not live to complete, a work on constitutional law, to be entitled " The Federal Institutes." A volume of his speeches has been published by his widow (Columbus, 1888).

WARD, Frederick Townsend, soldier, b. in Salem, Mass., 29 Nov., 1831 ; d. in Ningpo, China, 21 Sept., 1862. He was educated at the Salem high-school, became a sailor, served in the French army during the Crimean war, was in business for some time as a ship-broker in New York city, and about 1860, at the period when the Taeping rebels were everywhere successful, landed in Shanghai. Raising a band of various nationalities, he offered to capture a certain city for a fixed price. His first victory was the capture of the walled town of Sungkiang, which was held by 10,000 rebels, for which service he was made a mandarin of the fourth degree. He cleared the country about Shanghai, receiving his pay for each victory, disappeared for a time, returned at the head of three native regiments that he had armed and trained like European soldiers, and routed a greatly superior force, saving the city from capture. The European officers, who had shunned him as an adventurer and an outlaw, now admitted him into their counsels and welcomed his aid in organizing troops and guarding a radius of thirty miles around Shanghai. In the autumn of 1861 he captured Ningpo, an important stronghold. He adopted the Chinese nationality and manners, being called Hwa, married the daughter of an influential native, and was made a mandarin of the highest grade and admiral-general in the service of the emperor. He was mortally wounded while directing an assault on Tsekie. At the time of the " Trent " affair, when war between the United States and England was expected, and the British in China laid plans to seize American shipping and