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to the year 1823, Guatemala and Mexico were ruled by the same government. Together, they formed the viceroyalty of New Spain. Hence the resemblance which, in many respects, the two republics bear to each other. Much that has been stated in Part First, concerning the climate, the history, language, literature, religion, education, jurisprudence, tariff, money, weights and measures, immigration, agriculture, geology, zoölogy, botany, and the future needs of Mexico, is in general applicable to Guatemala.

, 50,600 square miles. , 1,200,000, which is composed of mestizos, negroes, Indians, and whites. The last-named are about 12,000, of which perhaps 1,000 are foreigners.

—Guatemala is bounded on the north by Yucatan; on the east by Balize, the Bay of Honduras, and the Republics of Honduras and San Salvador; on the south by the Pacific Ocean; and on the west by the Mexican State of Chiapas.

The greatest length from north to south is 320 miles, and the greatest breadth is 280 miles.

—The larger part of the surface of Guatemala consists of an elevated table-land, which is a