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Rh generally upon the brow of the river bank in a commanding position, though sometimes on lower ground. In diameter they vary from 4 or 5 to 15 feet, and in depth from 2 or 3 inches to 2 or more feet. They consist principally of oyster, clam, and quahaug shells. Stone implements have been found in the vicinity of shell heaps in great numbers, though not of many species. This I attribute to the fact that the Indians living hereabout used shells for many purposes. The Pilgrims on landing upon our shores found in the wigwams baskets formed by sewing together shells of the horseshoe crab. I have a collection of nearly a hundred spear and arrow points of stone, in about every form represented in Schoolcraft's large work on the Indian tribes of the United States. I have also a stone pestle, ax, hatchet, and a fragment of a stone mortar or kettle. All up and down the peninsula of Cape Cod are to be found stone implements of the kinds mentioned above—though in the attack upon the Pilgrims at Nainskaket Creek, in 1620, the arrows used by the Indians were tipped with brass, eagles' claws, and bits of horn. This last fact led some writers to suppose that the Indians could find no suitable material on the cape for constructing their implements. Though there are no outcropping ledges on the cape, yet there are many bowlders and fragments of rock which the Indians found suited to their purposes. I know of several ancient burial places, but they have not been examined, or, if they have, I am not aware of the fact.

 

In the autumn of 1863 or winter of 1864, a remarkable sculptured stone, representing a human face and head in profile, was discovered in the neighborhood of St. George, a village in Charlotte County, in the province of New Brunswick, Canada. This curiosity was found by a man who was searching for stone for building purposes, and was lying about 100 feet from the shore of Lake Utopia, under a bluff of the same formation as the material on which the head is sculptured, which abounds in the neighborhood. This bluff is situated three miles or more from St. George, and Lake Utopia empties into the Magaguadavic River, or, as it may be translated from Indian into English, the River of Hills, which flows towards and pours through the village in the form of a beautiful waterfall. The stone, irrespective of the cutting, which is in relief, has a flat surface, and is of the uniform thickness of 2 inches. Its form is rounded elliptical, and it measures 21½ inches longitudinally and 18½ inches across the shorter diameter. The stone is granulite, being distinguished from granite proper by the absence of mica. The sculpture, shortly after it was discovered, attracted a good deal of attention, 