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Rh concerning these bones, for it is not established how and when they became lodged in the loess.

The cave Maszycka is located in the ravine Ojców, on the right of the river Pradnik. It contained two archeological deposits, one neolithic and one paleolithic. The remains of 4 human skeletons taken from the cave were always attributed by its explorers to the neolithic age.

This narrow fissure is also situated near Ojców. Immediately at the entrance P. J. Czarnowski came in 1902 upon a prehistoric fireplace. It was located at the depth of 70 centimeters and was intercalated between the dark surface loam and a yellow lower deposit of quaternary age. About the fireplace were numerous implements of flint, some utensils of bone, and numerous potsherds, A portion of a human cranium lay at the margin of the fireplace, and in the cranial cavity were some decomposed shells of the Helix pomatia. A quantity of these were also mixed with the ashes in the fireplace. The inferior, yellow layers contained bones of animals, but no traces of man or his handiwork. The indications are that the archeological specimens and the human bones are of the neolithic age, and not quaternary.

In Germany quaternary stations are much rarer than in the neighboring countries of Austria-Hungary or France, and may be explained by the position of the country between the two glacial centers, that of the North and that of the Alps.

The stations of quaternary man outside of the caves are seldom found in the loess, in which the country is poor, but in other geological formations.

The human remains range themselves either with the old paleolithic, as at the station Taubach, the industry of which is surely pre-Mousterian—or with the Solutrean (finds in loess), and Magdalenian. They are chronologically as follows:

III. Glacial period.

3. Interglacial period.

(a) Warm phase—Taubach.

(b) Phase of the Steppes.

IV. Glacial period.

Postglacial time.

(a) Solutrean.

(b) Magdalenian: Andernach on the Rhine.