Page:An introduction to physiological and systematical botany (1st edition).djvu/432

 402 2. . Mosses, which have real separate leaves, and often a stem; a hood-like corolla, or calyptra, bearing the style, and concealing the capsule, which at length rises on a stalk with the calyptra, and opens by a lid.

3. . Liverworts, whose herb is a frond, being leaf and stem united, and whose capsules do not open with a lid. Linnæus comprehends this Order under the following.

4. . Flags, whose herb is likewise a frond, and whose seeds are imbedded, either in its very substance, or in the disk of some appropriate receptacle.

5. . Mushrooms, destitute of herbage, bearing their fructification in a fleshy substance.

Such are the principles of the Linnæan Classes and Orders, which have the advantage of all other systems in facility, if not conformity to the arrangement of nature; the latter merit they do not claim. They are happily founded on two organs, not only essential to a plant, but both necessarily