Page:An introduction to linear drawing.djvu/60

 ﻿edifice has no columns, but still it is said to belong to some order, because certain proportions are observed in its parts.

The Corinthian Order is distinguished by the rich- ness of the sculptures which decorate its frieze, and which are infinitely varied. The capital of the column is also furnished with two rows of leaves, and eight volutes.

The Ionick Order is distinguished by the volutes of its capital.

The Dorick Order has its frieze ornamented with triglyps and metopes.

The Tuscan, the most plain and solid of all the or- ders, allows no ornament.

Besides these characteristicks, the different orders are also distinguished by the proportions which regulate their parts, as will be shown hereafter.

Nothing is said here of a fifth order called the Com- posite, because it is composed of the Ionick and Corin- thian ; nor is mention make of the Gothick, Attick, German, and Arabick, for a complete treatise on archi- tecture is not intended.

By comparing the different monuments which artists have thought worthy to be considered models, on ac- count of the taste they exhibit, proportions have been noticed in the parts, which have become rules for imi- tation. Not that there exist in fact, exact and rigorous proportions and rules which are never deviated from, for art has not those fixed rules which are found in the sciences. Certain proportions having been ordinarily observed, and by the consent of all persons of good taste, being found the most suitable, these proportions should be considered as a rule not to be deviated from 5