Page:An introduction to Indonesian linguistics, being four essays.djvu/73

Rh In the Old Jav. Wrttasañcaya, Wasantatilaka, verse 3, there are several such imperative word-bases in succession: prih ! pet ! rarah ! = “Exert yourself ! seek ! search out !” — Mal. example, Hang Tuah, p. 10: kata-ña, hay anaq-ku, sĕgĕra-lah naiq keaatas kĕday ini = “She said: ‘O my ( = ku) child, quickly mount on this ( = ini) booth ! ”

106. At the same time, many IN languages possess a definite number of verbal word-bases, often denoting a mode of motion, which do duty as indicatives. Mal. has a good many such, Mlg. very few. Examples: Bug., Paupau Rika- dong, p. 7: lao pole, naĕssoiwi riolo bola na puwanna = “They went (and) returned (and) laid (the rice) in the sun before ( = riolo) the house of their mistress”. — Mlg., the text Ny Vazimba in Julien's grammar: karazan’ uluna awi ani iwelani ni Huwa = “A race of men come from abroad (are) the Hovas”. — Mal., Ken Tambuhan, edited by Klinkert, p. 72, verse 31 : saṅ nata pun duduq dĕkat anakanda = “The monarch sat next to his princely son”. — Old Jav., Mahābhārata, 34: hetu nira pĕjah tan-paśesa = “(The) consequence thereof (was, that they) all died ( = pĕjah).

107. The simple substantival word-base, neither extended by any formative nor qualified by any word of form, is in many languages plural. Examples: Old Jav., Mahābhārata, a, 36: tikus maṅigit kuku mwaii rambut = “Mice nibbled (at their), nails and hair”". — Day., Augh Olo Bahan, p. 286: ṅalaya tolaṅ rumpaṅ, ṅaleleṅ uhat leso = “Give the weary bones a rest, brace up the slack sinews”. — Mlg., the text Ny Fahafa-tesana, in Julien's grammar, p. 115: ni fati dia mifunu anati lamba mena marumaru = “The corpses are shrouded in several red cloths”.