Page:An introduction to Indonesian linguistics, being four essays.djvu/351

Rh final syllable, whenever they serve as the first element of a compound; e.g., árum-póne, "king of Bone" < aruṅ and Bone. In a Bug. sentence it hardly ever happens that two accentuated syllables follow one another, for almost every word is accompanied by enclitics ; hence in a compound an accentuation like árum-póne makes a disagreeable impression, and is therefore altered. As to mp < mb < ṅ + b, see § 117.

Accentuation of the " Complex ": i.e. Word of Substance + Word of Weak Stress. 323. The complex (or conglomerate) may consist of a word of substance + a monosyllabic enclitic. In that case we sometimes find the accent shifted, and sometimes not, in accordance with definite rules: I. In Makassar, for example, when the article a is affixed, the accent shifts if the principal word ends in a vowel, but not if it ends in a consonant: hence úlu, "head", ulúw-a, "the head", járaṅ, " horse ", járaṅ-a, "the horse". II. If the enclitic loses its vowel, that does not prevent the shifting: Bimanese aná-t, "our child" < aná + ta. III. The Toba particle tu, " too", attracts the accent to itself: madae-tu, "too bad" < madde + tu. This is in imitation of the accentuation of the comparative (§ 317, II). 324. Again, when disyllabic or several ynonosyllabic enclitics are added, shifting of the accent may result, or it may not, or the complex may even have two accents. An instance with two accents is found in Paupau Rikadong, p. 19, 1. 4 from the bottom, in Matthes' Bugis grammar: "They also reported it" = T. r. a. it = na-lěttúri-tó-n-i. Here n < na is an emphatic particle, homonymous with na, "they". 325. There is little to remark in connexion with the addition of proclitics. When a monosyllabic proclitic combines with a monosyllabic WB, some of the languages accentuate the WB, others the proclitic. Toba says si-gák, "the crow" < the article si + gak, Sundanese, on the other hand, si-pus, "the cat".