Page:An introduction to Indonesian linguistics, being four essays.djvu/279

Rh syllables, also pronounced uwalu. — It becomes h in Mentaway, as in halu, "eight". — It becomes f in Rottinese, as in falu, "eight". — It becomes ww in Old Javanese, hence Original IN wara > Old Jav. wwara, "to be" (the substantive verb). — It becomes gu in Inibaloi, as in gualo, "eight". — It becomes h in Mamuju, hence Original IN tawa > Mam. taha, "to laugh".

III. Original IN w disappears altogether in a few languages, thus in Modern Javanese between a consonant and a vowel, hence Modern Jav. lir. "manner", for Old Jav. lwir.

Laws of the Liquids. 99. Original IN r1, the lingual r. I. It is preserved in many living languages, but pronounced in various ways. Original IN pira, "how much", is also pira in Old Javanese, Kamberese, etc., firi in Hova, etc.

II. Original IN r1 becomes l in several languages; thus in certain cases in Bisaya, as in pila, "how much". — It becomes d in several languages; thus in certain cases in Balinese, as in pidan, "how much". — It rarely becomes g; thus in certain cases in Toba, hence Original IN ir1uṅ > Toba iguṅ, "nose". — It becomes χ in Nias in the cases where Toba has g, as in iχu, "nose".

III. Original IN r1 disappears altogether in several languages when final; thus in Hova, hence Original IN butir1 > Hova wutsi, "bud".

100. As for Original IN r1, see §§ 129 seqq.

101. Original IN l. I. It mostly persists unchanged in the living languages. Original IN laṅit, "sky", is also laṅit in Old Javanese, lanitra in Hova, etc.

II. Original IN l becomes r in several languages; thus in Toba by a regular assimilation whenever the word contains an r, hence Original IN lapar > Toba rapar, "hunger". — It becomes y in several languages; thus in Bareqe between vowels, hence Original IN jalan > Bar. jaya, "path". —