Page:An introduction to Indonesian linguistics, being four essays.djvu/228

216 III. Certain isolated languages, which have no close connexion with one another, follow the opposite order as a general rule. To this category belong Day. and Masaretese.— Illustrations. Masaretese, from the Story of the Forest Spirit: “Meanwhile men ate pouched rats”* = Meanwhile m. the a. p. + r. = gamdi geba ro ka tonal. Day., from the first Story of Sangumang: “The buffaloes were penned by me” = B. the w. + p. by + me = hadaṅan tä kuroṅ ku. — Enumeration. In the Masaretese Legend of the People of Tagalasi the order subject + predicate is strictly maintained. IV. The order of the short forms of the pronouns has been dealt with above. 147. Linking the subject with the predicate. Second method : The copula. This copula, the particle i or ya or dia, etc., is interposed between subject and predicate, thus linking them together. Illustrations. Tag., from Tell: “That cries to Heaven” = iya i sumisigaw sa laṅit. Tontb., from the Story of the Water Snail and the Antelope: “I have been requested by the antelope” = I "“ya”" h. + b. + r. by a. = aku ya tinaqaran i tuqa. Hova, from the Testament of Umbiasa: “The body requires nourishment” = ni nufu dia mila hanina. 148. Linking the subject with the predicate. Third method: the status constructus in Nias. The subject, which follows, is put into the status constructus. — Illustration. from the Kawofo: “Then appeared Kawofo” = ba so Gawofo. 149. The agent relation in the passive sentence. This has been discussed in Section VIII. 150. Predicate and predicative. The predicative is simply added, without more, to the verb of the predicate. This phenomenon is to be regarded as Common IN. — Illustrations. Modern Jav., from the History of the State of Kěḍiri : “He was made commander-in-chief” = kadadosakěn senapati. Sund., from Van der Ent's Descriptions of Animals * Cuscus moluccana.