Page:An introduction to Indonesian linguistics, being four essays.djvu/110

SECTION III : ACCENT. 75. The great majority of the IN languages accentuate their words, whether they be word-bases or extensions there-'of, on the penultimate syllable. This must be regarded as the Common IN condition.* 76. Accentuation of the final syllable is found in three cases in the various individual IN languages: 77. The first case : The languages which still possess the pepet usually accentuate the final syllable when the pen-ultimate contains a pĕpĕt, e.g., lĕpas, “free”.Ṫ 78. The second case : When a monosyllabic word-base is extended by means of a prefix, the accent in many IN lan-guages remains on the final syllable, i.e. on the word-base. ‡ Accentuation of the word-base. Celebes, Bug.: maqnoq, “to descend” <; formative maq + word-base noq — Java, Jav.: uwos, “rice” < u + wos, see Poensen, Jav. Gr., p. iZ —Sumatra, Toba: mandok, "to speak", word-base dok — Mada-gascar, Hova: wuala, “denied”, word-base la — Eastern Bor-der, Bim.: kambe, “to bleat”, word-base mbe — South- Western Border, Mentaway: patok, “to draw” , word-base tok. 79. The third case : In many IN languages the vocative is accentuated on the final syllable. Vocative accentuation. Sangir group, Sangirese: aman, “o father!” beside aman, “father” — Celebes, Gorontalese: nana, “o mother !” — Near Java, Mad. : pateq, “thou dog !” — Sumatra, Toba: aman, “o father!”  — Eastern Border, Bim.: ind, “o mother I” — South- Western Border, Nias: ind, “o mother !” Note I. — Example of a sentence with vocative accentuation, from Breukink's Gorontalese dialogues : “Mother, come here I” = nanà poolo. 98