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Rh about by phonetic decay of a far-reaching character. With regard to the history of tense-signs and pronouns, I can only refer you to the two papers by the late Mr. Swaminatha Iyer presented to the first and third Oriental Conferences respectively We may not be able to agree with many of the details shown by him, but I feel sure that his line of investigation is in the main, correct. As for the numerals, Caldwell himself has pointed out many Sanskrit affinities to many of them, but has rejected all of them in order to establish some very distant unconvincing affinities with the Scythian ones. He was, however, himself not satisfied with his own conclusions and his derivations are fanciful. I may be permitted to speak briefly here about the Dravidian numerals.

(1) One: This has two forms ondu, onnu, ond'u &c., and oka, in Telugu. onnu is evidently Indo-Euro-