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534 7. Phoradendron longispicum Trel. Long-spiked Mistletoe. Fig. 1294.

Phoradcndron longispicum Trel. Monogr. Phoradendron 39. 1916. Phoradendron longispicum cyclophyllum Trel. lac. cit. 40. 1916. Plants stout, 4-6 cm. long, the internodes canescently velvety-tomentose, 3-5 cm. long. Leaves elliptic-obovate to oblanceolate 4-6 cm. long, 2-3 cm. wide, velvety-tomentose to nearly glabrous and glossy, cuneately petioled; spikes 15- 30 mm. long, short-villouSj the pistillate joints 12- flowered, the staminate about 20-flowered; fruit white, tinged with pink, about 4 mm. in diameter, in rather distinct whorls. Parasitic on various deciduous trees, Salix, Populus, Juglans, Platanus, Fra.rinus; Sacramento Valley south to San Diego County, California and Arizona. Type local- ity: Sacramento Valley. _L 2

8. Phoradendron villosum Nutt. Hairy Mistletoe. Fig. 1295.

Phoradendron villosum Nutt. Journ. Acad. Philad. II. 1: 185. 1848. Phoradendron -navcscens villosum Engelm. U. S. Geol. Surv. 100th Merid. 6: 252. 1878. Plants stout, 3-6 cm. high, its internodes 2-3 cin. rarely 4 cm. long, densely short- villous. Leaves oblanceolate-obovate, 3-4 cm. or rarely 5 cm. long, 15-20 mm. or rarely 30 mm. wide, short-villous ; petioles cuneate, 3-5 mtn. long ; spikes often clus- tered, 10-15 mm. long, short-villous 3- jointed, the pistillate joints 6-flowered, the staminate 12-flowered ; fruit pinkish white, somewhat short-villous at apex, 4 mm. in diameter, in close whorls. Parasitic on various species of Quercus, but also sometimes occurring on Umbellularia, Arctostaphylos, and Aesculus; Willamette Valley, Oregon, south to Lower California. Type locality: Willamette Valley, Oregon.

Family 34. ARISTOLOCHIACEAE.

Birthwort Family.

Low caulescent or often acaulescent herbs, or twining shrubs with bitter tonic or stimulating properties and sometimes aromatic. Leaves alternate or basal, petioled, mostly cordate or reniform and entire. Flowers axillary or terminal, solitary or clustered, perfect, regular or irregular. Calyx-tube mostly adnate to the ovary; calyx-lobes 3 or 6. Petals none. Stamens 5-12, more or less united to the style, anthers 2-celled, adnate, extrorse. Ovary wholly or partly inferior, 6-celled, with parietal placentae; ovules numei'ous in each cavity, anatropous. Fruit a many- seeded mostly 6-celled capsule. Seeds angled or compressed, smooth or wrinkled, usually with a large fleshy raphe ; embryo minute ; endosperm fleshy. Six genera and about 200 species, of wide distribution. The affinity of the family is uncertain, but probably it is more akin to the Cucurhitaceae, than the families with which it is associal'ed in prevailing schemes of classification. Acaulescent herbs; calyx regular, 3-lobed; stamens 12. 1. Asarum. _ Caulescent herbs or twining shrubs; perianth irregular; stamens 6. 2. AristoCochta.