Page:An Introduction to the Survey of Western Palestine.djvu/45

29 NAHR EL MUKUTT'A. MINOR BASINS. 29

Fellah receives two affluents from the villages of Daliet el Kurmul (alt. 1,245 feet) and Ain Haud (alt. 357 feet). (3) The Wady el Mikteleh which rises on the south of Daliet el Kurmul and reaches the shore if not the sea near Khurbet Malhah. (4) The Wady el Matabin, which rises in Eas el Meshahir (alt. 1,510 feet), an outlying summit of Carmel on the east of el Mahrakah. It receives a tributary from Umm ez Zeinat, flows by Tjzim (alt. 387 feet) and reaches the plain near Kef r Lam and Suraf end. Wady el Milh, and the Wady el Matabin, together define the southern base of Mount Carmel, and its separation from the lower region of Mount Ephraim. These Wadys are also traversed by a road which completes the communication round the bases of the mountain. The southern limit of Mount Carmel will again be discussed in connection with an account of the range of hills on the south of Nahr ed Dufleh.

Mount Carmel has been hitherto delineated as a single ridge ; but the Palestine Exploration Survey has brought to light parallel ranges more or less developed on each flank of the main ridge. The central or waterparting ridge extends from the Convent (alt. 470 feet) through Eas ez Zelakah (alt. 1,535 feet) and the village of Esfia (alt. 1,742 feet), to a point east-south-east of Daliet el Kurmul, where four tracts meet, coming from Esfia, Daliet el Kurmul, Umm ez Zeinat, and Tell Keimun. At this point is the head of Wady el Milh. Its altitude is not given, but about three-quarters of a mile northward is the highest observed point of the mountain (alt. ,1,810 feet).

The parallel range westward of the waterparting is defined as follows : From the junction of the four roads, the culminating ridge bends round to the westward, or west by north-half-north, and is traversed by the track to Daliet el Kurmul. But before reaching the village, the height of land turns northward and again westward to the summit of Eas Umm esh Shukf (alt. 1,607 feet). The northern flank of Mount Shukf continues this range to the gap of Wady Shellaleh, where Wady el Miftelah, after distinctly dividing