Page:An Exposition of the Old and New Testament (1828) vol 1.djvu/266

234 the men-children alive. 18. And the king of Egypt called for the midwives, and said unto them, Why have ye done this thing, and have saved the men-children alive? 19. And the midwives said unto Pharaoh, Because the Hebrew women are not as the Egyptian women; for they are lively, and are delivered ere the midwives come in unto them. 20. Therefore God dealt well with the midwives: and the people multiplied, and waxed very mighty. 21. And it came to pass, because the midwives feared God, that he made them houses. 22. And Pharaoh charged all his people, saying, Every son that is born ye shall cast into the river, and every daughter ye shall save alive.

The Egyptians' indignation at Israel's increase, notwithstanding the many hardships they put upon them, drove them, at length, to the most barbarous and inhuman methods of suppressing them, by the murder of their children. It was strange that they did not rather pick quarrels with the grown men, against whom they might find some occasion perhaps; to be thus bloody toward the infants, whom all must own to be innocent, was a sin which they had no cloak for. Note, 1. There is more cruelty in the corrupt heart of man than one would imagine, Rom. 3. 15, 16. The enmity that is in the seed of the serpent against the seed of the woman, divests men of humanity itself, and makes them forget all pity. One would not think it possible that ever man should be so barbarous and blood-thirsty as the persecutors of God's people have been, Rev. 17. 6. 2. Even confessed innocence is no defence against the old enmity; what blood so guiltless as that of a child new-born? Yet that is prodigally shed like water, and sucked with delight like milk or honey. Pharaoh and Herod sufficientlv proved themselves agents for that great red dragon, who stood to devour the man-child as soon as it was born, Rev. 12. 3, 4. Pilate delivered Christ to be crucified, after he had confessed that he found no fault in him. It is well for us, that though man can kill the body, that is all he can do.

Two bloody edicts are here signed for the destruction of all the male-children that were born to the Hebrews.

I. The midwives were commanded to murder them.

Observe, 1. The orders given them, v. 15, 16. It added much to the barbarity of the intended executions, that the midwives were appointed to be the executioners; for it was to make them, not only bloody, but perfidious, and to oblige them to betray a trust, and to destroy those whom they undertook to save and help. Could he think that their sex would admit such cruelty, and their employment such base treachery? Note, Those who are themselves barbarous, think to find, or make, others as barbarous. Pharaoh's project was, secretly to engage the midwives to stifle the men-children as soon as they were born, and then to lay it upon the difficulty of the birth, or some mischance common in that case, Job 3. 11. The two midwives he tampered with in order hereunto, are here named; and perhaps, at this time, which was above eighty years before their going out of Egypt, those two might suffice for all the Hebrew women, at least so many of them as lay near the court, as is plain, by ch. 2. 5, 6, many of them did, and of them he was most jealous. They are called Hebrew midwives, probably, not because they were themselves Hebrews, (for surely Pharaoh could never expect they should be so barbarous to those of their own nation,) but because they were generally made use of by the Hebrews; and being Egyptians, he hoped to prevail with them.

2. Their pious disobedience to this impious command, v. 17. They feared God, regarded his law, and dreaded his wrath more than Pharaoh's, and therefore saved the men-children alive. Note, (1.) If men's commands be any way contrary to the commands of God, we must obey God and not man, Acts 4. 19.—5. 29. No power on earth can warrant us, much less oblige us, to sin against God, our chief Lord. (2.) Where the fear of God rules in the heart, it will preserve it from that snare which the inordinate fear of man brings.

3. Their justifying of themselves in this disobedience, when they were charged with it as a crime, v. 18. They gave a reason for it, which, it seems, God's gracious providence had furnished them with—that they came too late to do it, for, generally, the children were born before they came, v. 19. I see no reason we have to doubt of the truth of this; it is plain that the Hebrews were now under an extraordinary blessing of increase, which may well be supposed to have this effect, that the women had very quick and easy labour, and the mothers and children being both lively, they seldom needed the help of midwives: this, these midwives took notice of, and concluding it to be the finger of God, were thereby emboldened to disobey the king, in favour of those whom Heaven thus favoured, and with this justified themselves before Pharaoh, when he called them to an account for it. Some of the ancient Jews expound it thus, Ere the midwife comes to them, they pray to their Father in heaven, and he answereth them, and they do bring forth. Note, God is a readier help to his people in distress than any other helpers are, and often prevents them with the blessings of his goodness; such deliverances lay them under peculiarly strong obligations.

4. The recompense God gave them for their tenderness toward his people; he dealt well with them, v. 20. Note, God will be behind-hand with none for any kindness done to his people, taking it as done to himself. In particular, he made them houses, (v. 21.) built them up into families, blessed their children, and prospered them in all they did. Note, The services done for God's Israel are often repaid in kind. The midwives kept up the Israelites' houses, and, in recompense for it, God made them houses. Observe, The recompense has relation to the principle upon which they went; because they feared God, he made them houses. Note, Religion and piety are good friends to outward prosperity: the fear of God in a house will help to build it up and establish it. Dr. Lightfoot's notion of it, is, That, for their piety, they were married to Israelites, and Hebrew families were built up by them.

II. When this project did not take effect, Pharaoh gave public orders to all his people to drown all the male-children of the Hebrews, v. 22. We may suppose it was made highly penal for any to know of the birth of a son to an Israelite, and not to give information to those who were appointed to throw him into the river. Note, The enemies of the church have been restless in their endeavours to wear out the saints of the Most High, Dan. 7. 25. But he that sits in heaven shall laugh at them. See Ps. 2. 4.

CHAP. II. This Chapter begins the story of Moses, that man of renown, famed for his intimate acquaintance with Heaven, and his eminent usefulness on earth; and the most remarkable Type of Christ, as Prophet, Saviour,