Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the Norn Language in Shetland Part I.pdf/72

LXIV of islands in Snorre’s Edda, written “nǫs” and in a deed of 1490 “nws”, is doubtless an  “nǫs” (nas-), nose.

> a’. ga’$1$,, mock-sun, from an original *gall. Formed in accordance with ga, the gall, form of the  gall,

ga’$2$,, something hard, pressed together; alternates sometimes with older, thus in the word -knot, now more commonly “ga’-knot”.

ca', in the form now used for to call, but in a couple of fragments of older language, half Norn, and half, [käᶅ] is used. In sense of to cry, of gulls, is commonly used; likewise in sense of a call; claim.

fall is called “fa’”, but in the older form  [fäᶅ] is found as the second part:, , ,  alternating with :, and with , in sense of current, in.

ba’,, ball, globe. Older forms are: , , [bal, bäᶅ, from ball].

a', all, Older, , , as the first part of some : ,, * (*), , ; in *.

The change > a’ probably took place in the 18th and 19th centuries, beginning with the breaking up of Norn, first in words common to Norn and English, and later in words without English and Scottish parallels after it had become apparent that -all, like -all, become in  a long ā.

i̇̄, ɩ̄ >.

The long i is in Norn often changed to the diphthong äi through influence of English, and for a great part in words not having an English analogy to influence the sound: ím > äim (rarely ), soot, hím > häim (rarely ), klína > kläin, to spread on. skíð > skäi (mould-board on a plough). The fact that the diphthong äi for i̇̄ is carried through in words not having English parallels, shows that in the long i in Norn has been understood to correspond with the English diphthong äi.

i̇̄ >.

Parallels are, however, commonly found with i [i̇̄ (i)], thus: , , dirty-grey, (sooty), not “äimet” from *ímóttr. , not “häimet” from *hímóttr. i [i̇̄ (i)] is prevalent in a number of words: , ,, , sb„sb., [sic] ,  (now  with a shortening of original long i), ,  to geng to de  (of fishing from an anchored boat), in : “to geng to de ”.

Alternation between i and äi:, “”, and now commonly: ,, as in. and, , from skríða.