Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the Norn Language in Shetland Part I.pdf/60

LII ᶅā, ᶇā mostly replace ljā, njā, : ᶅâgər (and with dropped palatalization: lâgər) = lēgər, ᶅēgər. ᶇâfatag = nevatjɔg [*hnefatak]. to ᶇām [ nema],.

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27. b and p, when initial, alternate, : bɛrdus· and perdus· [*bergdus]. bjak and pjak [ pjakke]. p for b in ȯnplost, o‘mplȯst (-pləst) [*andblástr].

Initial b and v (for b) alternate in : bəl and vəl [ bull],, $1, 2$. bɩ‘rtək,, and vɩrda, vɩrdək [birta, -i]. bȯ‘ᶇᶊ·vam· and vȯ‘ᶇᶊ·vam· [*barnsvamm].

28. d in the nd changes to t in several cases, : bjɩ‘ntər, [*bindari],, =. blȯ‘ᶇt [ blundr]. to hān·trist· [handhrista],. *häᶇta(r)less (see Fragments of Norn, riddles), lä‘ᶇtfəl [landfall],, -. To this rule belongs: a‘nti =. also initially: trāvi = drāvən.

dj commonly changes to dᶎ (in a few places, such as, to tᶎ): dᶎa‘rf (tᶊa‘rf) [ djarfr]. dᶎūb (tᶊūb) [ djúp],,. dᶎūr [djór], $1$. — da‘lk > dja‘lk > *ᶁa‘lk > *dᶎa‘lk > tᶊja‘lk.

29. As a rule original “ð” is partly 1) dropped, partly 2) changed to d. In ð is found preserved in several words — see further § 42. Examples:

ð is dropped in : *gūə [góða for góðri]. gūən [*góðan or $1$, lø̄ [lýðr], lø$2$. mø: a) [moð], $2$; b) [mœða, -i], $2$. ri̇̄ [hríð]. *ri̇̄n(a) [ríðandi], *. *rō [ráð], *$4$. slū [slóð], $2$. slūi [slóði]. to sni̇̄, snē [sníða, sneiða]. -ti [tíð] in. *trō [þráðr], see Fragments of Norn, verses. vā [ vað].
 * góðing]. li̇̄ [hlíð]. to lø̄ [hlýða], lø$1$; more rarely: to lø̄d, lød =

ð is preserved as d in : to bōd [boða], $2$, frōd [froða], fro$2$,. gødin [*gœðing]. kø̄d [*kœða]. mi̇̄d [mið], $1$. to rād. sēd [seiðr]. spadi [spaði]. stȯdək [staði or *stœða]. tədbɔu(s) [*tíðbrá], *. vadəl [vaðill]. (w)ōd [vaða].

Parallel forms (with and without d) appear, inter alia in the words: a) to afrō· and afrod· [afráða]. grē and grēd [greiði]. lø̄ and lø̄d [hljóð], lø$1$. *rø̄ and *rø̄d [rauðr]. With regard to the three words here first given, forms with and without d are used promiscuously. b) bā and bɔ̇d [boði]. *bø̄ and bødi [*byð-]. jadər [jaðarr]. jɛ̄ (jǣ) and ēd [eið] = *. The forms with and without d of these words have assumed different meanings.

ð is usually preserved as d in the combination “ðr”, : flādrək, flȯdərək [*flaðra]. lȯdər [lǫðr]. lūdərhorn [lúðr]. *mȯdəra, -ə [maðr(inn)] (see Fragments of Norn, riddles). Alternation takes place in rudər and rūr [hrúðr]. “rð” is commonly preserved as rd, : bɩrdək [byrðr]. bȯrd [burðr], $2$. færd [ferð], $1$; but unstressed “-fər” in gālafər. *gōrd [garðr]. hardi [harði]. to hərd [hirða]. hȯrdək, hȯrdin [urð]. ōrdə(r)- [arðr] in *. skōrd [skarð], $1$. spȯrd [sporðr]. On the other hand, with consonant following, : to stərən [stirðna]. To this rule, vâr [verði], $3$, forms an exception (see IV, § 29).