Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/98

Erz  ,, ‘ore, metal, brass, bronze,’ from the  ęrze, arze,  ęrizzi, aruzzi, aruz, ; an obscure word, which is unknown to the other  dialects; probably borrowed under the form azuti, arwuti?. In ais,  âr,  ore,  and  êr, ‘bronze,’ whence the  and   êrîn,  ; these are primitively cognate with  aes, ‘bronze,’ and  ayas, ‘metal, iron.’   , prefix, ‘arch-, chief,’ from ęrz-;   ęrz-ęngel, -bischof, -priester;  only in ęrzi-bischof; corresponding to  aarts in aarts-engel, aartsbisschop,  arcebiscop,  archbishop,  arcęngel,  archangel; from the - prefix archi- (ἀρχι-), much affected in ecclesiastical words. and exhibit the late  pronunciation, arci (see );  ark-aggilus, ‘archangel,’ from archangelus, like  arce-, retain the older sound of the c. also.  ,, ‘it,’ from ëȥ,  , and its  ës,  ëȥ ( ës); formed from the Aryan  stem of the 3rd  (i-) mentioned under. See.  ,, ‘ash, ash-tree,’ from the  asch,  asc, ; corresponding to  esch,  œsc,  ash,  askr, ‘ash.’ The remoter cognates,  jasika,  ůsís, with the same meaning;  ὀξύη, ‘a kind of beech,’ and  aesculus, ‘winter oak,’ are not allied.   ,, ‘ass,’ from the  ęsel,  ęsil, ; corresponds to  ęsil,  ezel,  ęsol, eosol,  asilus (whence  osĭlŭ), ‘ass.’ It is self-evident that these cognates are related to  asinus. Yet it is remarkable that the Romance languages have not an l, but an n in the suffix; asno,  asne (whence  asne),  âne,  asino (the  diminutive asellus does not come under consideration, since it is not found in any Romance language;  further ). For the change of n to l in derivatives, see, ,. The abnormal assa ( to  ass) may be traced back to  assan, borrowed, with the usual change of sound, from the. Consequently all the cognates come from Italy; no word for ‘ass’ can be sound in any language of the Aryan group. — The term is a late imitation of  asello; the   appears, however, to be unconnected with it.   ,, ‘aspen-tree,’ from the   aspe,  aspa (hence  ašpe). the exactly  œsp,  asp,  ǫsp; scarcely allied to ; more probably connected with  arbor, ‘tree,’ if the latter represents an  *asbos.   , (the word seems to be unknown to the  dialects), ‘forge,’ from the   ęsse,  ęssa,, ‘chimney, hearth of a worker in metals.’ Like  œsja, they indicate a  *asjô, which is also assumed by the borrowed term,  ahjo. Whether is allied to  esja, ‘clay,’ and hence means  ‘what is made of clay,’ remains doubtful. Its assumed connection with eit, ‘funeral pile,’  αἶθος, ‘glow,’  root idh, ‘to burn,’ is untenable.  ,, ‘to eat, dine, feed on,’ from the  ëȥȥen,  ëȥȥan; common to , and  an   ;   itan,  eta,  ëtan,  to eat,  eten,  ëtan; see. The verbal root ët, ‘to eat,’ common to, to which and  âs,   (  êsus for *êd-to-, the  of edere), also belong, is based upon an Aryan root ē̆d;  the  root ad,  ἔδομαι,  ĕdo,  ědmi, ěmi,  jamĭ (from *ědmĭ), ‘I eat.’ —  ,, ‘food, meal, dinner,’ even in ëȥȥen,  ëȥȥan, , as an  ; it is scarcely an infinitive used as a , but rather an independent  form like  ἐδανόν, ‘food,’  ádana, , ‘provender.’   , (with the normal unaccented g for ch), ‘vinegar,’ from the   ęȥȥī̆ch (that the i is long is proved by its change into the diphthong ei in late  ezseich),  ęȥȥîh (hh),. A remarkable loan-word, corresponding to ętik,  œtikia,  ättika; also  ęcid,  ęced, which with  akeit(s), ‘vinegar,’ are based upon  acêtum. For the, , and words we must assume a form *atêcum, produced by metathesis of the consonants —  ęȥȥîh from atîk for atêko, which, however, is not attested by any Romance form; for such transpositions. Romance alenâre from anhelare,  biever from vieber (see further citations under, , , , , ). There is a remarkable form in Swiss dialects, achiss, echiss, which is based upon an untransposed form corresponding to akeit(s). The - acêtum ( aceto; but vinaigre and  vinegar from<section end="Essig" />