Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/92

Ein wanting;  ânad (from ânôd),  ênôdi, ‘desert’; the suffix -ôdus corresponds to  -âtus (senatus, magistratus). —  ,, ‘lonely, solitary,’ simply derived from  and the suffix of , ,. See. —  ,, from the  einsidel, einsidele (also even einsidelœre), ,  einsidilo (einsidillo,  *ainsiþlja), ‘hermit;’ an imitation of  ἀναχωρητής,  anachoreta, basing it on  sëdal, ‘seat.’ See.  ,, ‘in, into,’ from and  în, , ‘in, into,’ beside which  and  in with the same meaning. The long form was derived from the short, as is proved by the connection with the cognates of, which see. ,, from the  einst, einest,  einêst, , ‘once, at one time’; an obscure  of ; in  œ̂nes,  once, to which  eines,  eines, ‘once, at one time,’ also correspond. anderes, anderêst, anderes, anderst, ‘otherwise,’ as similar formations.  ,, ‘concord, harmony, agreement,’ from the late  eintraht, , which, however, belongs, as a  word, to ; hence  cht for ft. preserves the correct form eintraft, ‘simple.’.  , and  (in  and  einzächt), ‘single(ly), sole(ly), individual(ly),’ from the   einzel, a modification of the older and more frequent einlütze,  einluzzi, ‘single, alone’; , and  eelitzg (êlizχ), ‘unmarried,’ from  einlützec ( einluzzo), ‘unmarried.’ The second component belongs to   ( hlioȥȥan);  ein-luzzi, ‘one whose lot stands alone.’  also  eínhlítr, ‘single’? ,, ‘only, sole, unique,’ from einzec, ‘single,’ a developed form of  einazzi (, einazzêm), the zz of which is , as in  (  κρυπτάδιος with a cognate suffix).  ,, ‘ice,’ from the  and  îs, ; a word common to ;   ijs,  îs,  ice,  íss, ‘ice’ ( *eisa is by chance not recorded). Outside the group no term identical with this can be found. It is still undecided whether it is cognate with (root ī̆s ‘to shine’?) or with Zend isi (‘ice’?).   ,, a North word, from the   îsbên,  îsbên, ‘hip-bone’;   ijsbeen, ischbeen, ‘the socket of the hip-bone,’  îsbân,. The first part of the compound seems to contain a îsa-, ‘gait, walking,’ which  ẽša,, ‘hastening on,’ resembles.   ,, ‘iron, weapon, sword, fetters,’ from and  îsen (îsern),  îsan, îsarn, , ‘iron’; corresponds to  ijzer,  îsern, îren,  iron,  ísarn,  eisarn, ‘iron.’ Its relation to  is still undecided; it is most closely connected with  íarn, ‘iron’ (for *ísarno-), whence  jarn ( jern) is borrowed. It is less certain that êr,  aiz,  aes, ‘bronze,’ are allied to it. The r of the earlier forms is retained by , which is based on  îserîn, îsernîn,  îsarnîn, , ‘of iron.’  ,, ‘vain, idle, useless, void,’ from îtel, , ‘empty, vacant, vain, useless, fruitless, pure, unadulterated,’  îtal, ‘empty, vacant, vain, boastful’; corresponding to  îdal, ‘empty, invalid,’  ijdel,  îdel, ‘empty, useless, worthless,’  idle. The meaning of the  was probably ‘empty’; but if we accept ‘shining’ as the primary sense, it follows that the word is connected with  αἴθω,  root idh, ‘to flame.’  ,, ‘pus, matter, suppuration,’ from eiter,  eitar (eittar), , ‘poison’ (especially animal poison);  *aitra- is wanting; an old tr remains unchanged in  (see , ). and etter,  âttor, attor,  atter (‘pus, poison’),  eitr,. Also a variant without the suffix r ( *aita-);  and  eiȥ ( eisse,  aiss),, ‘abscess, ulcer,’ with a normal permutation of t to ȥȥ. The root ait, ‘poisonous ulcer,’ has been rightly connected with the  οἶδος,, οἶδμα, , ‘swelling,’ οἰδάω, ‘to swell’; hence the root is Aryan oid.   ,, ‘nausea, disgust, aversion,’ a word, which has obtained a wide circulation through Luther (he used the form ; unknown in the contemporaneous  writings). A word with obscure cognates; it is perhaps connected with  âcol, ‘burdensome, troublesome’ (base aiklo-), and probably also to , ‘to vex’ ( akelig, ‘terrible,’  ‘ache’?). The h in  (Swiss, heikχel) may be excrescent, as in. These cognates<section end="Ekel" />