Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/87

Dur , , , &c., the primary sense of the root þrf, from tṛp, ‘to be destitute of, lack,’ still appears.   ,, ‘dry, meagre, barren,’ from dürre,  durri, ‘withered, dry, lean’; corresponds to  dor,  thurri,  þyrre,  þaúrsus, ‘dry’ (with regard to  rr, from  rs,  , ). From a pre- þurzu-, ‘dry, withered,’ which belongs to a root þurs, from pre- tṛs. As a result of the restriction of the word — probably in times — to denote the dryness of the throat, we have the  tṛšús, ‘greedy, panting,’ and  ; as applied to the voice, or rather speech, tṛs appears in  τραυλός, ‘lisping,’ for *τρασυλός ( δαυλός, ‘dense,’ for *δασυλός,  densus), and  tṛšṭá-s, ‘hoarse, rough (of the voice).’ With the general meaning ‘dry,’ , , and their cognates are connected.   ,, ‘thirst,’ from the  and  durst, ;   and  dorst,  þyrst,  thirst;  þaurstei, , ‘thirst.’ The final t of the  and  words is a , as may be inferred from  þaúrseiþ mik, ‘I am thirsty.’ The further comparisons made under , , , amply prove that the short form þors, from pre- tṛš, signifies ‘to be thirsty’;  especially  tṛšṇaj, ‘thirsty,’ tṛšnâ, , ‘thirst,’ tṛš,   (3rd   tṛšyati, Goth þaurseiþ), ‘to pant, be thirsty'; tṛšú-s, ‘panting.’   ,, ‘dizziness,’ simply , from dusel, ‘giddiness’; a genuine  word would have had an initial t, as  tusig, ‘foolish,’ shows; the latter corresponds to  dysig, ‘foolish,’  dizzy. To the root dus (dhus) contained in this class, belong, , with the genuine  t initially. A different gradation of the same root dus, from Aryan dhus, appears in dwœ̂s,  dwaas, ‘foolish.’   ,, ‘dust, powder,’ simply , from dust; corresponds to  dust (but see further ). The final t is probably a ; dus, the root, may be the weakest form of an Aryan dhwes; dhvas, dhvaṅs, seems to have been always nasalised; it signifies ‘fly about like dust, scatter dust when running swiftly,’ which is in harmony with the meaning of, ‘dust.’   , (unknown to ?), ‘gloomy, dismal, sad,’ from the   düster, dûster;   thiustri,  þeóstre, þŷstre, ‘dark,’  dinster,  dinstar,  finstar,  finistar are remarkable parallel forms expressing the same idea; so too  þeóstru, ‘darkness.’ The primary form may be seen in the stem of,  *þimis, ‘twilight,’  támas, ‘darkness’;  tenebrae (for *temebrae) comes nearest perhaps to  dinster. f is interchanged with þ in, þœcele; in the same way  might be related to dinstar (from þinstar). These guesses are, however, too uncertain.   ', ', ,, ‘paper bag, screw’; merely from  tüte (akin to  tuit, ‘pipe’?); respecting the  and  ü sound, see under. In and  the terms are gugge, gucken.   ,, ‘dozen,’ from the late  totzen, with an excrescent final d (see , ); from  douzaine (  dozzina), whence also  dozen,  dozijn; ultimately derived from  duodecim. <section end="Dutzend" /> <section begin="E" /> <section end="E" /> <section begin="Ebbe" /> ,, ‘ebb,’ merely , borrowed, like many terms relating to the sea, from ;  ebb, ebbe, ,  ebbe,  ebb,. The word is first found in, where ebba, , is the form ( ebb, whence also  ébe), nautical terms being generally recorded at an earlier period in that language than elsewhere;  , ,  (2.), , and. Had the word been preserved in  we should have expected  eppo,. It is possible that the word is connected with the cognates of (,  ‘leveller,’? ‘plain’?). Yet, from its meaning, is more appropriately connected with ibuks, ‘backwards, back’ ( ippihhôn, ‘to roll back’); hence  is  ‘retreat’; the connection with  ( ibns) is not thereby excluded. has a peculiar word for — fjara, ‘ebb,’ fyrva, ‘to ebb.’ No  word is recorded. <section end="Ebbe" />