Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/83

Dri nates point to a  root þrel, ‘to turn on a lathe). — ', ‘to plague’ or ‘to drill (recruits),’ may be derived from the first or the second meaning.  ',, ‘ticking,’ from  drilich, drilch, , ‘a stuff woven with three threads’; an  signifying ‘threefold’ formed into a ; see . Dri- is the older form for  in compounds (see , , and );  drĭfalt, ‘threefold.’  drilîch, ‘threefold, consisting of three threads,’ is the convenient  rendering of the  trĭlîx (trîlîcem), ‘triple-twilled, from lîcium, ‘thread.’ Similar formations may be seen in  and .   ', , ‘triplet, one of three born at the same time,’ simply , formed like .  ', , ‘to press, crowd, pierce,’ from  dringen,  dringan, ‘to compress, throng, press on,’ then also ‘to plait, weave’ ( drîhe, ‘embroidering needle’);   þreihan (eih from inh), ‘to throng, oppress, cram; afflict.’ The  root is þrinhw, þrung;  also with  dringan,  thringan,  þringan, ‘to press,’  Þryngva. The h was retained by drîhe,, ‘embroidering needle,’ whence  drîhen, ‘to embroider.’ — With the general meaning ‘to press’ are connected  , ,  ( gidręngi),  þraihns, ‘crowd’ (in faihuþraihns, ‘wealth’);  throng. With the cognates  trėnkti, ‘to shake, push,’ trànksmas, ‘din, tumult,’  treckt, ‘to shatter,’ are  allied. , of, ‘third,’  dritte,  dritto; corresponds to  þridja;  þridda,  third. þri- is the stem (see ), dja the suffix, which forms the ordinal from the cardinal; it is -lio- in tertius  tṛtîya-s. —  , ‘third part, third,’ from  dritteil.   ,, ‘drug,’ only, from  drogue, which with its  cognate droga  is usually derived from  droog (see ); yet there are essential reasons for ascribing the word to an Eastern origin.  ',, ‘threaten,’ from the  drôu,  , which is the denominative of an earlier dro, , ‘threat.’ The more ancient  is  , from  dröuwen, drouwen,  dręwen,  drouwen;  *þraujan,  þreán þreáde) ( to  to threaten).  drô, drôa ( drawa), corresponds to  þreá;  þrawa is wanting,  þrawôs, , ‘threat.’ In  the word is obsolete. Beyond  there are no cognates.  ', , ‘drone.’ The strict  form is ,  (so still in Saxony and Austria), according to  trëne, trën,  trëno,   is a  form derived from  drân,  drâni, to which  drân,  drœ̂n,  drone, correspond; both point to  *drainus, *drênus, while  trëno assumes perhaps  *drina; the relation between the theoretical  forms has not yet been definitely fixed. The base drē̆n seems to appear in  ( drunjus, ‘loud sound’). From the same root probably a term for ‘bee’ is formed — τεμθρήνη, ‘a sort of wasp or humble-bee' (also ἀνθρήνη, ‘wild bee’? —  too τενθρηδών, ανθρηδών), also Lacon. θρώναξ, ‘drone.’, like , is a  term. See the following word.   ,, ‘to roar, mumble, creak, drone,’ simply , borrowed from drönen;   dreunen,  drynja, , ‘to drone, roar,’  drynr, , ‘droning,’  drunjus, , ‘loud sound.’ See derivatives of the same root drē̆n, dhrē̆n, under ;  besides  θρῆνος, ‘lamentation.’  ,, ‘droll, ludicrous, queer,’ simply from  drullig,  drollig;  droll ( and ), also  drollish;  drôle, ‘droll, merry.’ None of these are recorded in the older periods of the several languages, hence their origin (? ?). is obscure. The derivation from the name trǫll applied to ghostly monsters is improbable, for in the  dialects the word has an initial t while the. and its cognates have d.   (1.),, ‘thrush,’ a form from  drosle,  throssela, throsla; the strictly  term for  is  , from  drôschel, ;   drôscela, , also without the  l, drôsca, drôscea, ; the latter form corresponds to  þrŷsce (from *þrauskiô),  thrush. throstle, from þrostle, ‘merula,’ corresponds to  drostel; in  the latter would be *þrustla and the former þrauska (or rather *þrauskjô); akin to  τρυγών, ‘turtle-dove,’ from *τρυσγών?.