Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/74

Dar which see; its primary meaning is ‘to be in need of.’  ,, ‘gut, intestine,’ from the  darm,  daram, ;   þearm,  therm,  darm,  þarmr, ,  and  tarm. Corresponds in the non- languages to trâmes, ‘way,’  τρῆμα, ‘hole, eye,’ τράμις, ‘perineum,’ from root tar, ‘to traverse.’ Hence the  sense of  was probably ‘passage.’ — Allied to the collective , , ‘entrails,’ from the   gederme,  gidermi,.   ,, ‘kiln for drying fruit, malt, &c.,’ from the  darre,  darra, ; akin to  darre,   tarre: like , , from an  root þers, pre- ters, upon which are based  , , with a specialised meaning. The root ters appears in τέρσομαι, ‘to become dry,’ τερσαίνω, ‘to dry’; in relation to   the  ταρσός and ταρσία, ‘hurdle for drying fruit,’ deserve special notice. The words connected with the root ters are cited under, since they, like , have been similarly restricted in meaning, torreo, for *torseo, corresponds in form and idea to  ;  further  torris, ‘firebrand,’ torridus, ‘parched.’ From  þarrian,  tarir, ‘to dry up,’ is derived. See, ,.   ,, ‘that,’ from and  daȥ; corresponds to  and  that,  þata; etymologically identical with , the  article. See.   ,, ‘date’ (fruit), from datel, tatel, tatele, ; from , —  datte,  dattilo; the primary source of which is  δάκτυλος, ‘date’ .; hence too  dadel,  date.   ,, akin to the  dûge, , ‘stave’; the  b compared with  g shows that the modern word cannot be a continuation of the  form. has preserved the word dauge, corresponding to dûge;   duig, ‘stave.’  þûfa,, ‘entrenchment, rampart,’ does not appear to be related. In is found a word phonetically allied and  in meaning —  douve, ‘stave’ (but also ‘moat’; hence this is connected with the  word quoted); it was most likely borrowed from  or. The þùfa and the  dûge look very much like   words whether they are allied or not. We cannot possibly derive dûge from  δοχή, ‘receptacle.’ Respecting the permutation of b (f) and g, see.   (1.),, ‘to last, endure,’ from the  dûren, tûren, from  dûrare ( durer). ,, is simply a form from. to dure (endure) comes from durer.

' (2.), ',, ‘to cause pity, sorrow, regret’; the initial d indicates that the was borrowed from  and , for the  form was tûren; mich tûret ein ding or eines dinges, ‘that appears to me to be (too) expensive, dear’; tûren is related by gradation to ,  tiure; for the change from û to iu   with  dreórig,  dreary. It is remarkable that the verb, which, judging by its gradation, must be very old, is utterly wanting in the older dialects.  ,, ‘thumb,’ from the  and  dûme,  dûmo, ;   duim,  þûma,  thumb;  þumall, þumalfingr. The same with the suffix l is seen, but with a change of meaning, however, in  þŷmel,  thimble ( *þûma). This word ‘thumb’ is consequently common to the group; even the other fingers had each its special name in the  period. The terms middefinger, midlesta finger, se goldfinger, se lîtla finger, are in complete accord with   (middle-finger),  (ring-finger), and  (the little-finger), respectively. These terms are not formed, therefore, like from an old independent stem; in this way  is proved to be, though etymologically it is not quite clear; the pre- form may have been *tûmon, perhaps akin to tŭmeo, ‘to swell’?. In that case would be  to ‘swollen finger’;  also  tumrá-s, as ‘greasy, fat, vigorous,’ and tûtuma-s, ‘strong,’ Zend tûma, ‘strong,’ with  tum-eo. τυΐλος, τύλη(ū̆), ‘callosity, swelling, knob, hump,’ are based upon a root tū̆, while the cognates point to tū̆m. The sense of both may have been ‘to swell, be thick.’   ', ',, ‘down,’ only, from the   dûne, ;   dúnn, ,  down. Hence the initial dental proves that the word is of  origin, for since the  and  words begin with d, a genuine  word would necessarily have an initial t. The 