Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/68

Bub  brood. The dental is ; brô, as the root-syllable, is discussed under ; the primary root signified ‘to warm, heat.’ —   , ‘to brood,’ from brüeten,  bruoten ( *brôdjan);   brêdan,  to breed (with the further signification ‘to beget, bring up’). bird, bridd, ‘the young of birds, little bird.’ are often incorrectly allied to ;  bridd would be in  *bridi ( bridja), and consequently the connection of the  word with   ( *brôdjan) becomes impossible. It is worth noticing that broeijen,  brœjen, and    partake of the meaning of. See.   ,, ‘box, lad, rogue, knave (at cards),’ from buobe ( bóve), , ‘boy, servant, disorderly person’ ( *buobo and  *bôba are wanting); a   word, undoubtedly of great antiquity, though unrecorded in the various  periods (yet note the proper names identical with it,  Buobo,  Bôfa). boeve, boef ( boy is probably based upon a diminutive *bôfig, *bôfing). ‘Young man, youth,’ is manifestly the sense of the word;   bua, ‘lover,’ Swiss bua, ‘unmarried man.’ To this word  babe,  baby are related by gradation; also Swiss, bâbi, bœ̂bi (most frequently tokχebâbi, tittibâbi), ‘childish person’ (Zwingli — “ are effeminate, foolish youths”); akin to this is  Babo, a proper name. The words babo-bôbo are probably terms expressing endearment, since the same phonetic forms are also used similarly in other cases;   baba, ‘grandmother’; further,  babbéo, ‘ninny,’  babau, ‘fop’ (late  baburrus, ‘foolish’),  babbole, ‘childish tricks.’   ,, ‘book, quire,’ from the  buoch,  buoh,. It differs in gender and declension in the various dialects;  bôka,, and bôk, , , signify ‘letter (of the alphabet)’ in the , but ‘book, letter (epistle), document’ in the ; akin to  bôk, ‘book,’  boek,  bôk, ,  to  book. The denoted, as in , the single character, the  a combination of characters, ‘writing, type, book, letter’;   afstassais bôkôs, ‘writing of divorcement’; wadjabôkôs, ‘bond, handwriting’; frabauhta bôka, ‘deed of  sale.’ The  was probably made into a  at a later period, so that   signified  ‘letters (of the alphabet).’ The  word, which even on the adoption of Roman characters was not supplanted by a borrowed word (see , made its way, like the word , into  at an early period;   buky, ‘beech, written character’ ( bukŭve, ‘book, epistle’).  was used in the earliest times for the runes scratched on the twigs of a fruit-tree (see ); hence it results from Tacitus (Germania, 10) that  ( ‘letter’) is connected with  buohha, ‘beech.’ The same conclusion follows from the  compound , which is based on an  word —  buohstab,  bôcstaf,  bôcstœf (but  and  letter),  bókstafr. Undoubtedly the Germans instinctively connect with  and not with. As far as the form is concerned, we are not compelled to accept either as the only correct and  word; both are possible. Historical facts, however, lead us to regard as. With the term the early Germans intimately combined the idea of the rune scratched upon it, and constituting its chief value. the following word and.   ,, ‘beech, beech-tree,’ from the  buoche,  buohha;  bôc-treów, with the collateral form bêce (from boeciae),  beech. The form bôc has been preserved in buckmast, buckwheat;   bók,  *bôka, ‘beech.’ The name of the tree is derived from pre-; according to  fâgus, ‘beech,’ and  φᾶγός, φηγός, its  form would be bhâgos. The word signifies ‘edible oak.’ This difference between the  word on the one hand and the - on the other has been explained “by the change of vegetation, the succession of an oak and a beech period”; “the Teutons and the Italians witnessed the transition of the oak period to the beech period, and while the Greeks retained φηγός in its  signification, the former transferred the name as a general term to the new forests which grew in their native wastes.”. is properly ‘the tree with edible fruit’ ( φαγεῖν, ‘to eat,’ and φηγός), and hence perhaps the difference of meaning in  may be explained from this general signification, so that the above hypothesis was not necessary.

