Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/64

Bra  brýsan, to bruise. —  ,, ‘to roar, bluster,’ from the ;   bruisen, ‘to bluster,’ from bruis, ‘foam, froth’; to this , , ‘watering-pot,’ also belongs.  ,, ‘bump, bruise,’ from brûsche, ‘a swelling with blood underneath’; to this  brisket and  brjósk, ‘gristle,’ are allied. The stem common to all these must have meant ‘roundish elevation.’   ,, ‘bride, betrothed,’ from the  brût,  brût,   brûþs (stem brûdi-) means ‘daughter-in-law’; from this comes brûþ-faþs, ‘lord of the bride’ (faþs corresponds to  πόσις, which stands, as πότνια indicates, for πότις, corresponding to  patis, ‘lord’), i.e. ‘bridegroom.’ The , brût signifies ‘the young, newly married woman’; the borrowed  bru, earlier bruy, is, on account of its meaning, connected most closely with  brûþs. ‘daughter-in-law’; νύμφη, ‘betrothed, bride, daughter-in-law.’ In  we may compare  brŷd, ‘betrothed,’  bride, which are  allied to the ;  also  bridal, from  brŷd-ealo, hence  ‘bride-ale.’  bridegroom is based upon  groom, and represents  brŷdguma, the second component of which is  guma, ‘man,’ corresponding to  homo (primary form ghomon). The  is identical in etymology with the  word;   brûtigomo,  briutegome, in which the first part is properly. The root form brûdi- has not yet been explained etymologically; it is a word peculiar to, like  and. qino, ‘woman,’ kone, are based on an ancient form;   γυνή,  gnâ, ‘woman.’  ,, ‘excellent, manly, brave,’ only, from  brave, the origin of which is not established (from  barbarus?). ,, ‘to break,’ from the  brëchen,  brëhhan;  the corresponding  brikan,  and  brecan,  to break,  breken, ‘to break.’ From a root brek common to , which is derived from pre- bhreg;   frangere, the nasal of which is wanting in frêg-i. The, , , are formed by gradation from the same root.  , see.   ,, ‘broth, pottage,’ from the  brî, brîe, ,  brîo, , allied to  brij,  brîw, ‘pottage’;  *breiwa- ( *breiws is related to  brîo in the same way as  saiws to  sêo). It is hardly possible that the word is connected with the root brū̆, discussed under. Did a root brī̆, ‘to cook,’ exist? brîme, ‘fire.’ ορίσσω (root φρῖκ) has been suggested.  ,, ‘broad, wide,’ from the  and  breit; it corresponds to  brêd,  breed,  brâd,  broad,  braiþs, ‘broad.’ Probably from pre- mraitó-, akin to the root mrit preserved in , ‘to fall to pieces’ (properly ‘to extend’?).  , ‘edge, border.’ See.

', ',, ‘gadfly.’  brëme, brëm,  brëmo, ‘gadfly.’  is  for  ;   brimissa,  brimse,  brimse. brëmo would be in *brima,, ,  *brimisi,. Yet breeze (horsefly) cannot be cognate, since breósa (and not brimes) is its  form. The root of, discussed under , is brem (pre- bhrem, fremere), ‘to buzz, hum,’ whence also  bhramara, , ‘bee.’   ,, ‘drag-shoe,’ from bręmse, , ‘barnacle, muzzle.’ It cannot be identified with , ‘gadfly’ (see ), because the latter indicates a  brimisi, while , ‘drag-shoe,’ points to a  bramisjô. For, ‘drag,’ dialectal forms such as bram (with a and the loss of the suffix s) have been authenticated, but of a root bram with some such meaning as ‘to press, squeeze,’ there is no trace, The suffix s recalls jukuzi, ‘yoke,’ from the  juk;  also aqizi, ‘axe.’  ,, ‘to burn, scorch, sting, distill’; it combines the meanings of brinnen,  , ‘to burn, give light, shine, glow,’ and its factitive brennen,   ‘to set fire to, cause to burn’; the former is ,  and  brinnan, ‘to burn’ , the latter  brannjan, ‘to set fire to.’   birnan , bœrnan, bernan. to burn, is and, like the  word. Under attention is called to the fact that only one n of the  verb. brinnan belongs to the root; the second n is a suffix of the present tense ( also