Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/63

Bra  ,, ‘bream,’ from the  brahsen, brasem,  brahsa, brahsima, brahsina, , ; the  dialects still preserve the form  (the forms , , , , are  and MidGer.). the  brasem,  brasse. From is derived  brême (from brahsme?), whence  bream is borrowed. The class belongs perhaps to an   brëhwan, ‘to shine.’   ,, ‘roast-meat,’ from brâte,  brâto, ; in the earlier periods of the language the word has the general meaning ‘tender parts of the body, flesh,’ but in  the modern meaning is also apparent. To this brœ̂de, ‘roast-meat,’ is allied. the following word.  ,, ‘to roast, broil, fry,’ from the  brâten,  brâtan;   braden,  brœ̂dan, ‘to roast’; a    *brêdan is to be assumed. The root may have been a pre- bhrêdh or bhrêt; in support of the latter we may perhaps adduce brâdam, quoted under. ( *brôdjan) might also be assigned to the same root. The pre- bhrêdh is also indicated by πρήθω (if it stands for φρήθω?), ‘to consume, set on fire’ (chiefly in combination with πυρί). See also. ,, ‘to use, need, want, require,’ from the  brûchen,  brûhhan;  the corresponding  brûcan, ‘to enjoy,’ also ‘to digest, tolerate,’  to brook;  *brûkjan, ‘to use, enjoy.’ Not found  in. The pre- form of the root bhrū̆g accords with fruor, which originated in *fruvor for *frugvor; the   fructus, which phonetically is identical with  and  brûhts, shows the final guttural of the root, and so does  fruges, &c. The following are noun forms from the root brûk (bhrûg): ,  (  brûh),  brûks,  brŷce,  brûchi, ‘serviceable, useful.’  ,, ‘eyebrow,’ from the  brâ, brâwe,  brâwa, ; a pre- and more remotely old Aryan word, which was perhaps *brêwa in. The and  brîva, identical with this word, signifies ‘bridge,’ and is especially important as proving the connection between these cognates and those of. brâwa (Aryan bhrêwâ) is related by gradation to Aryan bhrû, which is proved by  brû,  brow,  brŭvĭ,  bhrû,   ὀ-φρύς. further brá,  brâha (for brâwa),  brœ̂w,, and also perhaps  frons, ‘forehead.’ A widely diffused Aryan root. The  has added to the stem the suffix n, which belonged to the declension of the weak form  ; similarly  brún, corresponding to  brû, was formed from brû and the n of the weak declension (in  the   is brûna}., like the names of many limbs and parts of the body (see , , , , ), originated in the . Aryan period. The  meaning, however, of the  Aryan bhrû-s (‘eye)-brow,’ is as difficult to discover as that of . See also  ,  ‘to brew,’ from the   brûwen, briuwen,  briuwan;  the corresponding  brugga,  brouwen,  breówan,  to brew. To the  root bru (from Aryan bhru- bhrĕw), ‘to brew,’ which may be inferred from these verbs, belongs - βρῦτον, ‘beer, cider,’ which perhaps stands for  *φρῦτον, also  defrū̆tum, ‘must boiled down,’  bruthe, ‘broth,’ bruth, ‘live coals, heat,’ bruith, ‘cooking.’ It is shown, moreover, under  that the meaning of the root bhru- was at one time more general;  further. On account of the gutturals, φρύγω,  frîgo, cannot be cognates. also,. ,, ‘brown,’ from brûn, ‘brown, dark-coloured, shining, sparkling,’  brûn;  the corresponding  bruin,  brûn,  brown,  brúnn. This term passed into  ( the cognates of  bruno,  brun; see ); hence also  brunas, ‘brown.’ The proper stem of Aryan bhr-ûna-, appears in  beras, ‘brown’, and reduplicated in  babhrú-s, ‘reddish brown, bay’ (this form of the  being apparently a common Aryan term for a brownish mammal living in water;  ); hence it may be right to assign  φρύνη, φρῦνος, ‘toad,’ to this root. Respecting as a name for the bear, see. —  ,, from briune, ‘brownness,’ related to  (as a malady, ‘brownish inflammation of the windpipe’).   ,, from the  brûs, ‘noise, tumult’; perhaps cognate with