Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/47

Bei changed into ê before dentals, In investigating the word  we must start from the fact that the stem of the  had really no dental;  bêgen, bâ,  bai (  beggja), ‘both.’ Allied in the other Aryan languages to  ubháu,  ἄμφω,  ambo,  oba,  abù, with a syllable prefixed. The forms with a dental are undoubtedly secondary; they obtained their dental by the blending, at a comparatively late period, of the primary ba- with the forms of the article, so that  bêde arose from bê and de, beidiu from bei and diu,  bôthe ( both) from  bâ and þâ ( báþer from bai and þaiz). In ba is combined with the article ba Þó skipa, ‘both the ships’; similarly in  ἄμφω. By assuming such a combination in West the following   forms in all genders are explained •  bed, bod, beid,  bêd, bued, boad, Wetterau bed, bud, bad.  ,, ‘a species of wormwood used in seasoning food’; the and  word was written bĩbôȥ, hence the semi- aspect of the  word. bîbôȥ is cognate with anabôȥ (see ), and connected with an verb bautan, ‘to pound’; bîbôȥ, ‘spice pounded and mixed with food.’ The  form of the  word is bîvôt, and hence arose the , by the awkward attempt of popular etymology to connect bîvôt with a well-known word.   ', ',, ‘a pile arranged in layers’ (an word), from  bîge,  bîgo, ‘shock (of corn)’; hence  bica, ‘pile of sheaves’;   bing (heap of alum),  bingr, ‘bolster’;. has eu by being based on.   , , ‘hatchet,’ from the  bîl, bîhel,  bîhal, bîal,  ( the similar stages in the derivation of  from fîhala);   bîl, ‘axe.’ On account of  bílda, ‘axe,’  bîhal must probably be trace to bîþl, bîtl (for hl from þl  ). Hence there may be a connection with the cognates from bhĭ̄d discussed under ; as to the meaning, especially  findo, ‘I split’ ( biáil, ‘axe,’ is  akin). On the other hand, it is, of course, not impossible that bîhal may be connected with.  ,, ‘to bring deer to a stand by baying,’ formed from and   bîl, ‘the moment when the deer stands at bay; encircling by the baying hounds’;  bîlen, ‘to bring to a stand by baying,’  ‘to bark’. No kinship with can be proved; it is more probably connected with the root bî in  (for a derivative in l from the latter word   baile, ‘fear,’ bailùs, ‘timid,’  bltrú, ‘timid’,  bhîrú, ‘timid’). In that case and  bî-l would be  ‘time of fear.’  ,, ‘bone, leg,’ from bein,  bein, ;   bén,  bân,  bone;  reserves the earlier meaning ‘bone’ still existing in  in the words , , , , ; the later signification, ‘lower part of the thigh,’ is recorded even in , , and. The beinn,, ‘straight,’ favours the supposition that originally at least the straight thigh-bones were termed  (bones). *bain,, is by chance not recorded. A  word with the primary meaning ‘bone,’ which cannot, however, be traced farther back ( os,  ὀστέον,  asthi, asthan, to which an Aryan osth-, ‘bone,’ would correspond, are not represented, on the other hand, in the  group). further.   ,, ‘example,’ from late bîspil, mostly bîspel, , ‘fable, allegory, proverb,’  *bîspëll (for bî   and ). bîspell, ‘example, parable'; formed from and  spël (ll), ‘tale, fable, rumour,’  spill, ‘legend, fable,’  spell,  spell (gospel from godspell), ‘tale, fable'; spell (to which  épeler, ‘to spell,’ is akin) is the term for literary composition in prose, and hence is as important for the history of   civilisation as, , &c.   ,, ‘to bite,’ from the  bîȥen,  bîȥȥan; cognate with  beitan,  bîtan,  to bite. A  verb with the sense of ‘to bite,’ which has, however, as is shown by the cognate tongues, been specialised from the more general meaning ‘to make smaller, to split with a sharp instrument.’   findo,  root bhid, ‘to split, break to pieces’; in  poetry  is also used of the sword — a remnant of the earlier meaning. , too, if akin to it, must be connected with  findere, ‘to split.’ , which signifies  ‘piercing.’ From the same root ,  and  biȥ, , is derived, to which