Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/415

Wes . From the word is derived  guerulfus,  garou, whence by tautology  loup-garou, ‘werewolf.’ The presupposed  werowulfo- means  ‘man-wolf,’ i.e., a man who roams about in the form of a wolf ( λυκάνθρωπος). The first component is, , and wër ( waír), , ‘man,’  cognate with  vir,  vîras, ‘man.’   ,, ‘being, creature, nature, disposition, manners,’ from wësen, , ‘sojourn, domestic affairs, manner of living, quality, situation.’ An infinit. used as a ; wësen,  wësan (to which the   forms of the   are allied),  ; corresponding to  wisan, ‘to be, tarry, stay’ ( wësan;  was, belong to the sphere of grammar). The verbal rootves, ‘to be, abide,’ to which is allied, is found in non-, in the  root vas, ‘to stay, tarry, pass the night.’ — Allied to , ‘essential,’ from the   wësentîch (wësenlîch); the t is excrescent.   ,, ‘wasp,’ from the  węspe, earlier węfse,  ,  węfsa (earlier wafsa), ; a genuine  word;   wœfs, wœps, ,  wasp. Hence we must probably assume a wafs-, beside which  wabis-, wabit-, is presupposed by  wębes, East Thuringian wêpschen, wêwetzchen (in West  wispel). Aryan wops- (wobhes-), which points to the verbal root (see ), is almost as widely diffused in the Aryan languages as ; OBret. guohi, ‘wasps’ (from wops-), vapsà, ‘gadfly,’  vosa, ‘wasp,’ and probably also by gradation  vespa. In the period a form vespe was borrowed from  vespa; on the other hand,  guêpe is probably due on account of its initial sound to  influence.   ,, ‘vest, waistcoat,’ adopted as a current term in the last. Since the word is unknown to the older dialects, it must have been borrowed from veste ( vestis); had it, however, appeared earlier in the  dialects, it would have been  allied to  vestis. The modern form,  wester, ‘christening gown’ (found  in compounds), is based on the same Aryan root as  vestis. With the Aryan root wes, ‘to clothe’ ( to vas,  ἔννυμι for *ϝεσ-νυμς,  ves-tis), are also connected  wasjan, ‘to dress,’  and  węrian,  to wear.   ,, ‘west,’ from the. Mid  wësten,  wëstan, ; also , which is found in  and  only as the first part of compounds (e.g.,  Wästfâlo,  Wëstvâle, ‘Westphalian’). west (in compounds), west (whence  ouest),  vestr,. The explanation of the cognates is difficult, on account of the old term Visegothae, ‘Visigoths, West Goths,’ transmitted by. One is inclined to connect the word with ves-per,  ἑσπέρα, ‘evening,’ and to regard it as the ‘evening quarter’;  the corresponding explanations of  and  (see also ).  ',, ‘equal, even,’ from late wętte, , ‘paid off.’ A recent derivative of the noun ', , ‘bet, wager,’  wętte, węte, węt (tt),  and ,  wętti, węti, , ‘mortgage contract, legal obligation, pledge, stake (in a bet), compensation, fine’ (the last three meanings first occur in ). wędd, veð,  wadi,, ‘pledge, earnest.’ From  wadjo-, the Romance cognates,  gaggio and  gage, ‘pledge,’ are borrowed. The following are also allied to  ;  văs (vadis), ‘surety,’ vădimonium, ‘bail, security,’  vadůti, ‘to redeem a pledge,’ and perhaps also  ἄεθλος (root ϝεθ), ‘prize (of contest),’ which point to an Aryan root wedh.  ,, ‘weather, storm, tempest,’ from the  wëter,  wëtar, ; corresponding to  wëdar, ‘weather, tempest, storm,’  weder, weêr,  wëder,  weather, and the   veðr ( *widra- is wanting). If wedro- is based on pre- wedhro-,  vedro,, ‘fair weather’ (vedrŭ, ‘bright, clear’), is related to it. It is possible, though less probable, that wetró- is the Aryan base, with which also větrŭ, ‘air, wind’ (from the root wê, ‘to blow’), coincides. —   ,, ‘sheet lighting,’ corrupted from late (so even now in  ) wëterleich (  vederleik), ‘lightning’;   leichen, ‘to dance, skip’ (see ).  ,, ‘to whet, sharpen,’ from wętzen,  węzzen (from *hwazzjan),  , ‘to sharpen’;   wetten,  hwęttan,  to whet,  hvetja, ‘to sharpen.’ A common   , properly strong. The strong verbal root hwat, from Aryan kwod (by gradation