Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/398

Ver ghend), are connected with the root get. Hence  means  ‘to get beyond one's reach, lose possession of.’ — ',, ‘to squander, dissipate,’ from  giuden (übergiuden),  , ‘to boast, make a parade, squander with ostentation’; unknown to   *giwiþa might refer to  gëwôn, ‘to open one's mouth wide’ (see ).  ', n ‘pleasure, enjoyment, amusement,’  only, from late  vernüegen and genüegen, ‘to content, satisfy.’  ', , ‘to ravage, devastate,’ from the   verhęrn (verhęrgen),  firhęrjôn;  ‘to destroy by war.’ See . ', , ‘to claim, demand,’ from  (rare) verlangen, ‘to desire ardently,’ usually  belangen, ‘to desire, long for.’  langôn,  verlangen,  lǫngian,  to long, show the correspondence of the  languages. The word is usually regarded as an old derivative of , but this is opposed by the meaning; it might be rather compared with the cognates of , the primary meaning of which is ‘to aim, strive.’ — ,, ‘to hurt, injure,’ from verlętzten, ‘to check, injure, wound’; allied to. —  ,, ‘to calumniate, slander,’ from verliumden; see. —  ,, ‘to lose,’ from the  verliesen,  virliosan; a common   , to which the   fraliusan,  forleósan,  verliezen correspond. λύω, ‘to loosen’ (ἀλεύω, ‘to avoid, keep far away’?), solvo ( so-lû-tus), ‘to loosen’ ( lû, ‘to tear to pieces’), and  luns, ‘ransom,’ which point to an Aryan lū̆, are closely connected with the  root lus, to which  and  are also related. —  ,, ‘subterranean cave, dungeon, only,  ‘place where one is lost’ (  verliesen, ‘to kill’?). —  , ‘to engage, affiance, betroth,’ from the   verloben;  ‘to promise,’ in which sense  geloben also occurs; see  and. —  ,, ‘loss, damage, injury,’ from the  verlust,  virlust, ; a verbal abstract of  (  with ).   ,, ‘to marry, unite,’ from late vermęhelen, usually męhelen, mahelen,  ‘to give in marriage to a man,’ also ‘to take to wife,’ whence generally ‘to affiance, betroth.’ The word  is usually based on  mahal, ‘hall of justice’ (see  and ); it is better to proceed from the   gemahelen,  gimahalen, which are derivatives of  gimahala, ‘spouse.’ For other details concerning its early history see. —  ,, ‘daring, presumptuous,’ from vermëȥȥen,  firmëȥȥan, ‘daring, bold’; a  of  veṛmëȥȥąn,  firmëȥȥan,  ‘to estimate one's strength too high, have an overweening opinion of oneself.’ —  ,, ‘ability, power, wealth,’ from vermügen, , ‘power, might, capability,’ An infinit. used as a, vermägen, vermugen, ‘to be in a position, have power,’  furimugan; allied to ,. The, ‘in virtue of’ ( only), is based on  vermüge, , ‘might, power,’ and is developed like.  , ‘to annihilate, annul,’ from  vernihten, ‘to annihilate, think lightly of’; allied to. —  ',, ‘reason, understanding,’ from vernunft,  firnunft, , ‘activity of perception, sensual perception, comprehension, insight, understanding’; abstract of ', ‘to hear, perceive, understand,’  vernëmen,  firnëman, ‘to perceive, hear, experience, grasp, seize, understand.’ These figurative meanings are based on some such meaning as in  franiman, ‘to take possession of, seize.’ For a similar evolution see  (with different senses attached to the prefix);  has been similarly developed in its figurative senses.   ,, ‘to spill, waste foolishly,’ only, properly a  word, of onomatopoetic origin. — <section end="verplämpern" /> <section begin="verpönen" /> ,, ‘to forbid (under penalties), proscribe,’ only, from  poena (whence also ). <section end="verpönen" /> ,, ‘to amalgamate (with),’ only,  perhaps ‘to combine with quicksilver’; allied to  (see also ). — ,, ‘to spend foolishly,’ only, from  kwisten, verkwisten, ‘to squander, lavish’;   fraqistjan, ‘to destroy, annihilate’ (usqistjan, ‘to kill’). Early history obscure. ,, ‘to. betray, reveal,’ from the  verrâten,  firrâtan;  ‘to lead astray by wrong advice.’ — ,, ‘to die’ (of cattle), from