Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/39

Bag ,, ‘dredging-machine’; like many words with gg , it is not  (since gg in  must have been changed to ck), but from  bagger, identical with  bagger, ‘mud at the bottom of water.’   ,, ‘to warm by poultices, foment, toast (bread),’ from the  bœn, bœjen,  bâjan, bâan. The root is bê, from pre- bhê, to which ba- of the  words for  is related by gradation. The sense of the  stem bhê, by gradation bha, was probably ‘to make warm by washing, bathing.’   ,, ‘path, track, career,’ from bane, ban, , , ‘road, way’; allied to  bane,  baan. No word identical with this is found in any of the older periods of the group. The cognates of are probably allied to it.   ,, ‘barrow, bier,’ from the  bâre,  bâra, ;  *bêra or *bêrô, ;  bœ̂r, bœ̂re,  bier;  barrow ( barewe), belongs to a different gradation since it presupposes  *barwa;   barar,  ‘bier,’  *barôs. The pre- phonetic form is bhérâ-. From the word is derived the   bara (barella),  bière. The root is the Aryan bher, ‘to carry,’ which is widely diffused, and appears in , , , as well as in ; it occurs in  as bhar, in  as φερ, in  as fer. From this root the languages, in agreement with all the other Aryan tongues, formed a ,  baìran,  bëran,  bërn (the latter means only ‘to bear fruit, produce, give birth to’),  bëran,  to bear. .    (1.),, ‘bay of a window,’ from beie, ‘window,’ which with the following word is of  origin;   bay,  baie, ‘bay (of a window).’

 (2.),, ‘bay,’ derived through from  bay ( baie), which was borrowed from ;  baie,  baja,  and Iber. (in Isidore), baja, ‘haven’; identical with the preceding word.   ,, ‘a mark at the entrance of a harbour as a warning against shallows, buoy’; from like other technical terms relating to the sea,  bâken , whence  bâke,  baak. It is based upon *baukn,, which by a regular change became beácen, ‘beacon,’ in ;   beacon and beckon. bouhhan, bouchen,  bôcan, ‘beacon, model,’ are corresponding terms. Thus the word meant generally ‘sign.’  has been restricted to a definite caution signal.   ,, for.   ,, see. <section end="Balche" /> <section begin="Balcon" /> , see. <section end="Balcon" /> ,, ‘soon, nearly, quickly,’ based upon an  which signified ‘quick, bold, brave’;  balþs, ‘bold,’ preserved only in ,  beald (with the change of þ after l to d,  , ),  bold,  ballr, ‘bold, impudent, audacious’; also  baldr,  bealdor, ‘prince,’ whence the name of the god. In the meaning tended towards ‘bold, quick’;  and  bald,  balt ( baldes). ‘bold, zealous, quick’;  baldo, ‘bold.’ The development of meaning of the   baldo,  balde, is thus ‘boldly, — quickly, — immediately.’ The abstract, which is connected with it, meant  ‘boldness,’ like  balþei and  baldî;  belde, ‘audacity’; the meaning of the   is based immediately on the. To this word are allied proper names like, as well as Baudouin (applied to the ass). <section begin="Baldachin" /> ,, ‘canopy,’ not from baldekîn, ‘raw silk from Bagdad,’ but from  baldacchino, which is identical with the  word, but has been specialised in meaning to the canopy made from such stuff. <section end="Baldachin" /> <section begin="Baldrian" /> ,, ‘valerian,’ from baldrian, from  valeriana;  the  term. <section end="Baldrian" /> <section begin="Balester" /> ,, see. <section end="Balester" /> <section begin="Balg" /> ,, ‘skin, case, bellows, brat,’ from the  balc ( bęlge),  balg,  balgi, bęlgi, ;  balgs,  balgeis, ‘leather bottle,’  ‘the flayed skin of an animal for keeping liquids.’ On the root balgi- is based  belg, bylg,  belly (, with the specialised meaning, ‘swollen body’), and  bellows,. The primary idea of the root is ‘swelling out’; from the same root the dialects form a   bëlgan (see ), meaning ‘to swell’;  bólgenn, ‘swollen’;  bĕlgan,  bëlgen, ‘to swell, be angry.’ The pre- form of the stem according to the laws of the permutation of consonants is bhelgh, and to this corresponds  barh (with the initial aspirate <section end="Balg" />