Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/385

Thr forms trahru and trahnu. More definite information concerning the early history of trahen, traher, cannot be ascertained.   ,, ‘throne,’ from the  trôn, , which originated in  trône, or, with the lengthening of the vowel in an open syllable, in   thronus (  trono).  ,, ‘to do, perform, make,’ from the  and  tuon; corresponding to  dûan,  doen,  dôn,  to do. Further details concerning this essentially West  verbal root dô, dê (in  taujan, ‘to do’), belongs to grammar; yet see also  and the suffix. The pre- dhô, dhê, has a wide ramification in the other Aryan languages. the root θη, θε, in τίθημι ‘to put, do,’  root dhâ (dadhâmi and dhãmi), ‘to put, lay, do’ (dhâtṛ, ‘creator’),  děją (and deždą), ‘to do, make,’  facio ( fêci,  to  ἔθηκα).  ,, ‘tunny,’ only, from the   thunnus ( θύννος), whence  tonno,  thon ( tunny).   ,, ‘door,’ from the  tür,  turi, ; properly a  form, the idea being often expressed by such a form; in  we find turi as  with a  meaning (the stem was really dur-). Corresponding to duri (dura),  deur,  duru (dyre);  dyrr is  only. The common Aryan stem dhur (dhwer) recurs in θύρα, θύρετρον, ‘door,’ to which θαιρός, ‘hinge of a door,’ and θυρών, ‘vestibule’ (  daurôns,  only, ‘door’), are allied;  fores, ‘door,’  dvĭrĭ, ‘door’ (dvorŭ, ‘court’),  dùrys, ‘door.’ To these are allied the   dur, dvâr, which in the oldest period was inflected only in the dual or  (the initial aspirate is dropped, because the case suffix begins with an aspirate). The primary meaning of this word, which has invariably the signification, cannot be discovered. Allied to.   , see.  ,, ‘deep, profound, low,’ from the  tief,  tiof; corresponding to  diop,  diep,  deóp,  deep (depth and to dip),  djópr, and  diups, ‘deep.’ The common   diupa-, of which   is a factitive, belongs to a  root dū̆p, the variant of which, dū̆b, appears in  dŷfan,   to dive (see ), as well as in  dub. dwfn, fudomain,  dubùs, ‘deep, hollow,’  duplĭ, ‘hollow’ (see ), from an Aryan root dhub, dhup. For a nasalised root dump, see.  ,, ‘stewpan, crucible,’ from tigel, tëgel,  tëgal, ‘crucible’; corresponding to the   digull ( degel,  digel). The cognates cannot have been derived from tegula (yet  ). The word is probably based on the root dī̆g, ‘to knead, form,’ discussed under.   ,, ‘animal, beast, brute,’ from tier,  tior, , ‘animal,’ especially ‘wild beast’ (hence  ); corresponding to  dior, ‘wild east,’  dier, ‘animal,’  deór,  deer (in  also, as well as in the language of sportsmen in , tier is often used in the sense of ‘roe’ and ‘hind’),  dýr, , ‘animal,’ especially ‘wild beast,’ and also ‘roe, stag.’  dius, ‘wild beast,’ shows that the r of the words quoted are based upon Aryan s (base dheuso-?); to this the   deór, ‘bold,’ and  tiorlîh, ‘wild,’ are traced; hence  dius, ‘animal,’ is probably an  used as a  ( ‘the wild creature’). , therefore, was originally quite distinct from, ‘useful gregarious animal.’ animal with anima suggests the supposition that the cognates belong to an Aryan root dhus, ‘to breathe’ (  duša, duchŭ, ‘spirit, soul’).  ,, ‘to extinguish, erase, eradicate,’ from tîlgen (tîligen),  tîligon, and also tîlôn,  , ‘to exterminate, extirpate.’   far-dîligôn,  delgen,  â-dîlgian, ‘to extirpate.’ It is remarkable that the word was borrowed from  dêlêre, considering its wide diffusion in the West  languages (we should also have expected *tialên in ).  ,, ‘ink, tint,’ from the  tinte, tinkte (for nct and nt   and ),  tincta, ; the word is evidently borrowed; it is based on the   tincta ( ‘coloured, variegated things’), whence  and  tinta, ‘ink.’ It is clear, therefore, that the spelling  is historically more correct than ; the latter is due to  and. In atraminza (from  atramentum,   errement) was used. The <section end="Tinte" />