Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/378

Stu ,, see the preceding word.  ,, ‘hour, time, league,’ from stunde,  stunta, , ‘time, period of time’ (the  signification ‘hora’ first occurs in late , the primary meaning was ‘undefined period’). Corresponding to stunda,  stund,   stound,  stund, ‘space of time’;  stond, ‘moment.’ The pre-historic connections of the word (perchance with, ; hence , ‘rest, repose’?) are uncertain.  ,, ‘to poke, push,’ from and  stupfen (stüpfen). See under. ,, ‘to stare at,’ only. A graded form, from.  ,, ‘storm, tumult,’ from and  sturm, , ‘tempest, fight’;   storm,  and  storm, and the   stormr. From the common storm (sturm) are derived the Romance cognates,  stormo, ‘concourse, encounter, quarrel,’ which proves the primitive use of the word in the figurative sense of ‘fight’ ( stour is based on the corresponding  estour). The root stur is a relic of the Aryan root ser (sṛ from stur?), to which  ὁρμή, ‘attack, impact,’  root sṛ, ‘to stream, hasten,’ belong (for str from sr, see  and ). Others prefer to regard the word as primitively cognate with sternere, ‘to throw down.’   ,, ‘to hurl, overturn, overthrow, sink, plunge,’ from stürzen,  sturzen (from *sturzjan, *sturtjan),  , ‘to hurl, sink, turn, cover by inverting’; corresponding to  storten. Allied probably to to start (to startle, from  steartlian). The early history of the root stert (to which  is allied?) cannot be traced further back.   ,, ‘mare,’ from stuot, , ‘breeding stud, mare’ (for the evolution of a collective meaning see  and ),  stuta, , ‘drove of horses.’ Corresponding to  stôd,  to  stud,  stêda ( steed), ‘stallion’;  stóð, ‘stud, number of horses,’ and stedda (from *stœ́dda), , ‘mare’;  also  stott, ‘horse.’  , , ‘stud,’ is a recent collective form. stado, stodas, ‘drove of horses,’ are clearly related to the  cognates, but they may with as good reason be regarded as loan-words; yet   stónè,  ‘stable’ (for horses). The whole of the cognates are connected with the Aryan root stā̆, ‘to stand’ ( stuota, ‘stock’? ‘stable’?).  ,, ‘to stop short, hesitate, be startled, to cut short,’ from late stutzen,  , ‘to scare away’; allied to  stutz, ‘push, impact’ ( root staut, see );   stuiten, ‘to check, rebound.’ —  ',, ‘fop, dandy,’ only,  ‘one who wears gay clothes.’ — ', , ‘curtailed, stubborn, startled,’ is also allied.   ,, ‘to prop, support,’ from the  (under-) stützen,  (untar-)stuzzen; allied to  and  stütze. stuzzen, from *stutjan, points to a root stut, besides which  studen,  styðja, ‘to fix firmly, ’ and  stuðu, studu, ‘post’ ( stud), presume a  root stuþ (stud). The early history of the cognates is obscure.  ,, ‘to seek, search,’ from the  suochen (süechen),  suohhan (suohhen); a common  verb, properly strong. sôkjan, sêcan,  to seek (and to beseech),  zoeken,  sôkian, ‘to seek.’ The strong verbal root sôk, from Aryan sâg, has  cognates in  ἡγέομας ‘to lead,’ and especially in  sâgire, ‘to trace out,’ and  sáigim, ‘to seek.’ To these are allied the cognates of.  ,, ‘sickness, disease,’ from the  and  suht, ; an abstract formation from  siukan,  , ‘to be ill’; see  (and ?). Corresponding to sauhts,  sótt ( only sick),  zucht (and ziekte). The Germans often instinctively connect with  (hence, ‘rage for something’).  ,, ‘to suckle,’ only, intensive of.  , see. <section end="Süd" /> ,, ‘to splash, soil, daub,’ from late sudelen, ‘to dirty’;  perhaps ‘to cook badly’ ( sudel, ‘keeper of a cookshop’); allied to. <section begin="Süden" /> ,, ‘south’; the strictly form is , which survives in the proper names , , &c.;   sundwint, ‘south wind,’ sundarwint ( sunderwint). Yet the simple form of the word became obsolete at an early period in (the term used being ), the names of the other cardinal <section end="Süden" />