Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/374

Sto are allied North stiaren, and with gradation  styrian,  to stir, but hardly the cognates of. The early history is obscure.   ',, ‘stump of a tree,’ from the  storre,  storro, , which is connected with  storrên,  storren, ‘to stand out, project’ ( andstaúrran, ‘to grumble, murmur’; root star, see . To this is allied , , ‘stubbornly, obstinately,’  only;  ‘clod-like, of the nature of a clod.’   ', , ‘to push, thrust,’ from the e  stôȥen,  stôȥan,  , corresponding to  stautan,  stôtan,  stooten. The common  strong verbal root staut corresponds in non- to an Aryan root tud, by gradation taud, which appears in  tundo, ‘to beat, bruise, stun’ ( tudes, ‘hammer’), and the  root tud, ‘to push, thrust’; for  st,  to Aryan t,   and . See the following word.  , , ‘to stutter, stammer,’  only (in  gaksen,  štückezen), formed from  and , in which stotteren (so too in ) is an intensive of stoten, ‘to push, thrust’ (,  ‘to stumble repeatedly’); corresponding to  to stutter. See the preceding word.  ,, ‘stump of a tree,’ only; early history obscure.  ,, ‘extended, direct, tense,’ from strac (ck), ‘straight, tight,’ to which  , , ‘straightway, immediately,’ from  strackes, is allied; so too  , ‘to stretch, extend.’  ,, ‘punishment, penalty, fine,’ from the  (rare), strâfe, ;  *strâfa, , is, like the verb corresponding to  and  strâfen, ‘to punish,’ not recorded. The cognates are specifically (whence  straf), and are wanting in the other  dialects. The late appearance of the word does not prove that it was borrowed. The history of the cognates is obscure.  ,, ‘stretched, tense, tight,’ from (rare) straf(ff), ‘tense, strict’; probably a  word corresponding to  straf. Its early history is, however, obscure. It has been supposed that strappare, ‘to tear out,’ is borrowed from  by assuming a root strap, ‘to draw’; hence,  ‘drawn tight’?.  ,, ‘ray, beam,’ from  strâl, strâle,  and ,  strâla, , ‘arrow, flash of lightning’ ( donerstrâla, ‘flash of lighting’); corresponding to  straal,  strœ̂l, ‘arrow.’ These West  cognates (whence  strale, ‘arrow’) are closely connected with  strěla, ‘arrow’ (whence  strěla, ‘arrow,’ hence   ‘marksman, archer’). To these are allied, ‘to beam, radiate’ (occurring in ModHG only), and also the following word.   ,, ‘comb,’ from the  strœl, , to which  and  strœlen, ‘to comb,’ is allied; the    strâlen (*strâllen, *stralian) presumes also for  a  strâl, meaning ‘comb.’ It is not improbable that the separate teeth of the comb were regarded as arrows, rays.   ,, ‘skein, hank,’ from the  strën, strëne,  strëno, , corresponding to  strene,  streen. Its connection with the preceding word is uncertain. <section end="Strähne" /> ,, ‘dense, vigorous, huge.’ only, a  word; corresponding to  stram, North  striam, ‘bolt upright.’ , ‘to kick, struggle,’  only,  a  word;   strompelen, ‘to stumble, stagger.’ Its early history is obscure. <section begin="Strand" /> ,, ‘strand, beach,’ from late  strant (d), , adopted as a literary term from ;   strand,  strand,  strand,  strǫnd. These cognates, from which étrain is borrowed, cannot be traced farther back. To this is allied the,  to  stranden,  to strand. . <section end="Strand" /> <section begin="Strang" /> ,, ‘rope, string, halter, trace,’ from stranc, strange,  and ,  strang, , ‘string, rope’;   streng,  stręng,  string,  strengr, ‘string, strap.’ This  strangi- seems to be the   ( ‘strong’), used as a. Yet, like στραγγάλη, ‘string,’ and  stringere, ‘to draw tight,’ might be connected with an Aryan root strenk (streng), ‘to turn.’ <section end="Strang" /> <section begin="Straße" /> ,, ‘street, road,’ from the  strâȥe, ,  strâȥa, ; a common West  term;   straat,  strœ̂t,  street,  strata, ‘road,’  stråt ( strœ́ti and  strœti are derived from ). The form strâta, ‘street,’ was borrowed in the 1st <section end="Straße" />