Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/372

Sti  ,, ‘handle, stalk, pedicle,’ from the  and  stil,. Phonetically the assumption that the word was borrowed from stĭlus, ‘style’ (for writing), is possible. It is more probable, however, that the words are allied, on account of  stela, steola, ‘handle’ ( diminutive stalk), and of  στέλεχος, ‘handle.’ The cognates of, , and  may also be  allied.   ,, ‘bull,’ from the  stier,  stior; a common  term;   stiur,  steór,  steer,  stier. The remarkable variant þjórr,  tyr,  tjur, points to pre- teuro- and steuro-; to this  turŭ, ‘bull,’ Zend staora, ‘draught cattle,’ and the   sthûra, ‘great, mighty’ ( stórr,  stûri), are perhaps allied. ταῦρος (whence taurus) is based, as is indicated by  tarb, on a  form tarwos.  ,, ‘staring,’ only; allied to.   (1.),, ‘peg, tack, style, pencil,’ from stift (stëft), , ‘sting, thorn, peg,’  stëft, , ‘peg.’ A specifically  word, which is probably derived from the Aryan root stī̆p, ‘to project,’ appearing in. stîpes, ‘stake, trunk (of a tree),’ has also been connected with the same root.

 (2.),, ‘charitable foundation, monastery,’ from early stift,  and , ‘foundation, establishing, building, ecclesiastical foundation,’ also ‘founding, regulation, arrangement,’ to which  stiften, ‘to found, build, arrange, regulate, devise, contrive, cause,’ is allied. While the is unknown to, the   stiften occurs with the same meaning as the   (  sticht, stichten). The ht of stihtan, ‘to regulate, incite,’ is abnormal; like  stétt, ‘stone floor, foundation, it seems to point to a  root stihw, ‘to build, found.’ The meaning of these cognates precludes any connection with  (1).  ,, ‘still, silent, quiet,’ from the  stille,   stilli; corresponding to the   stil,  stille,  still ( and ). A derivative of the Aryan root stel, ‘to stand’ (see, , and ), with which sthânu (for sthalnu), ‘standing, immovable,’ is also allied. — ,, ‘to still, pacify,’ from and  stillen, ‘to cause to be  still, bring to a standstill’ ( to still), is a derivative of.  ,, ‘voice, sound,’ from the  stimme,  stimma, , of which the older variant, stimna, corresponds to  stëmna (stëmma),  stëmn, stefn (  steven, ‘noise, cry’),  stibna, ‘voice.’ It is uncertain whether *stebnô- or stibnô- is the older form. The connection with στόμα, ‘mouth,’ is dubious.  ,, ‘to stink,’ from stinken,  stinchan. In and early  the verb signifies ‘to emit a smell,’ and may even mean ‘to give forth a fragrant odour’; in  the modern meaning prevails. In too, stincan may mean ‘to emit a fragrant odour’ or ‘to stink’;   to stink. This West meaning, ‘to emit a (pleasant or unpleasant) smell’ (and also ‘to perceive by smell, to scent’), can scarcely be reconciled with  stigqan, ‘to push,’ and  støkkva, ‘to leap, squirt, hasten.’ It is probably more closely connected with  ταγγός, ‘rancid’ (  ταῦρος,  to  stiur).  ,, ‘forehead, brow,’ from the  stirne,  stirna (for *sternja), ; a specifically  word (yet also in  steornêde, ‘frontosus’?), for which  voorhoofd,  foranheáfod,  forehead ( enne,  *anþi,  ęndi,  to  antiae), occur. In, is generally used instead of. The form *sternjô- has been connected with στέρνον, ‘breast,’ while ‘broad’ is assumed to be the intermediate idea, which is deduced from the root ster, in  sternere and  στρώννυμι, ‘to spread out’;   strana, ‘district.’   ,, ‘to fly about, drift, drizzle,’ only, allied to earlier  , ,  stöuber, ‘hound,’ which is derived from  stöuben, ‘to scare up, start up, chase away’; the latter is a factitive of. To this is allied, , ‘drifting,’ formed from  stöuben, ‘to raise dust.’  ,, only, to  to stoke; a derivative of the Aryan root stug, ‘to push, thrust,’ discussed under.  ,, ‘stick, staff,’ from stoc (ck),  stoc (ch), , ‘stick, staff, trunk’ (of a tree, &c.); corresponding to  stok,  stocc,  stock,  stokkr.