Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/37

Aus  the very late appearance of the, in contrast to the early  ûȥsâzeo, ‘leper,’ there is no doubt that  is a recent formation, like  from. The word for leprosy is þrutsfill.   ,, ‘oyster,’ only, from earlier  ûster, from  oester, which, with the   ôstre,  oyster,  huitre,  ostrica, is based upon  ostrea, ostreum,  ὄστρεον, ‘oyster, mussel.’  , see and. , see.  ,, ‘outside, out of doors, without,’ from ûȥen,  ûȥana, ûȥân, , , ‘out of doors, outside, out, without’; corresponding to  ûton, , ‘from without,’  ûtana, ,  , ‘from without, outside, out’; from  ût. See.   , and, ‘except, unless, apart from, without,’ from  ûȥer,  ûȥar, , ‘out — here’; corresponds to  ûlar.   , (with a dental added as in, , and , &c.), from the   ackes (late  axt), ,  acchus ( acchussi), , ‘axe.’ It corresponds to  accus,  aaks (from akes),  œx (from *œcces),  ax, axe,  öx,  aqizi, , ‘axe.’ The  word is based upon Aryan agésî, or rather agzî (aksî);  the  cognate  ἀξίνη, ‘axe,’ with which perhaps the   ascia, in case it stands for ac-scia, is connected. acies, ‘sharpness,’ and ἀκή, ‘point,’ as well as  açri, ‘edge’ (see, ), are not allied to.

   ,, from the  and  bar (  barer, barwer,  barêr), , ‘naked, bare, denuded, free, empty.’ It corresponds to  bar,  bœr,  bare,  berr, ‘naked, bare';  *baza- is wanting. The r of the non- dialects is an old s (not r) as is proved by the affinity to bosŭ,  basas, ‘bare-footed,’ which, as well as the , point to an Aryan bhosó-s, ‘denuded’ (with regard to the antiquity of this idea see ). also bok, ‘naked,’ which is based upon bhosko-; besides,  bald ( balled) points to a  participle *bazlôþs ( *bœllod). Perhaps is also connected with the root bhes. further.  ,, ‘master,’ a word;   baas;  perhaps it was a term of endearment used in addressing superiors. It is undoubtedly connected with, ‘aunt on the father's side,’ because , — , are also titles given by domestics to their mistress. Yet it is astonishing that the area of diffusion of, , and ,  ( and ), is different. Perhaps ‘paternal’ was the root idea of both words.  , see.  , ( and, ), from the   bach ( bęche),  ,  bah, , ‘brook.’   bęki,  beke,  beek; a corresponding  *baki-, , is wanting; beside which the   becc, and  bekkr (whence  beck), , presuppose a  *bakki-. No Aryan root bhag- with a meaning applicable here can be found; both  and  πηγή), ‘source,’ are scarcely allied to it, though  bhañga, ‘breach, wave’ (see ) may be so. <section end="Bach" /> <section begin="Bachbunge" /> ',, ‘speedwell, brooklime' (Veronica beccabunga), from  bungo,  bunge, ‘bulb'; allied to  bingr, ‘bolster,’ and more remotely with  bahú, ‘dense,’  παχύς?. <section end="Bachbunge" /> <section begin="Bache" /> ', , ‘wild sow,’ from  bache,  bahho, , ‘ham, (flitch of) bacon' (Swiss and  bachen); similarly the corresponding  baco and  bake mean ‘ham, pork,’ and ‘pig.’  , , and  bacon, borrowed from . The  root bak contained in these cognates is further allied to the cognates of  . <section end="Bache" /> <section begin="Bachstelze" />  , ‘water-wagtail,’ formed from the   waȥȥerstelze,  waȥȥerstelza; the second part of the compound is connected with. This term is only ; with it  kwikstaart,<section end="Bachstelze" />