Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/361

Spa  spoon, as well as spónn, spánn, ‘splinter of wood, spoon,’ attest the double sense of   spênu-, of whose early history, on account of the want of cognate terms in the non- languages, nothing can be definitely ascertained. The connection with σπά-θη, ‘spoon for stirring’ (see ), is uncertain.   ,, ‘sucking pig,’ a diminutive of spęnvarch, , ‘sucking pig’ (also in  spęn-sû-, -swîn). The first component is spęn,, ‘breast, milk,’ on whose  variant spüne, spünne,  spünnevęrchelîn, ‘sucking pig,’ is based. speen, ‘udder,’ and spunni,, ‘breast,’ whose root is perhaps the same as that of ; akin also to  spenýs, ‘teat.’   ,, ‘clasp, buckle, bracelet,’ from the  spange;  spanga, ; a common  term;   spǫng,  spange, ‘clasp’ (to which  spangle,  a diminutive, is allied),  spang. Its early history is obscure.   ',, ‘span,’ from spanne,  spanna, ; ‘width of the outstretched hand’ (from this  spanna and  empan, ‘a measure of length,’ are borrowed); allied to ', ‘to stretch, expand, span,’  spannen,  spannan,  , which corresponds to  spannen,  spannan,  to span. The root span, ‘to draw,’ seems to be connected with the cognates discussed under and, perhaps even with those of.  ,, ‘to save, economise, lay up,’ from sparn,  sparôn, ‘to save, spare, preserve, lay up,’  of  spar, ‘thrifty’ ( spœr, for which , ‘thrifty,’ first occurs in ;  spęrlîche, ‘in a frugal manner,’ is the corresponding , but it was changed in  into an , , ‘frugal’); in  sparhęnti,  spœrhęnde, ‘thrifty.’   sparen,  sparian,  to spare,  spara, No connection with  σπαρνός, ‘scarce, few, seldom’ (allied to σπείρω, ‘to sow, scatter’), is conceivable.  ,, ‘asparagus,’ from the  spargel; the latter was formed from  asparagus, which was also the source of the   aspersie,  asperge,  sparagio. Note Swiss šparse.   , see.   ,, ‘spar, raster,’ from Mid  sparre,  sparro, , ‘pole, beam’; corresponding to  and  spar,  sparre, ‘beam.’ There are no cognate terms in the non- languages. See.   ,, ‘jest, joke, fun,’ only, formed from  spasso, ‘pleasure, pastime.’ <section end="Spaß" /> <section begin="spät" /> , and, ‘late(ly), backward,’ from the   spœte,  spâti,  (but  spâte,  spâto, );   spade, ‘late.’  preserves only spêdiza, ‘later,’ and spêdists, ‘latest, last, least.’ The  spêd- cannot be traced farther. <section end="spät" /> <section begin="Spat" /> ,, ‘spar’ (mineral), from spât, , ‘foliated stone, splinter,’ whence  spaath,  spath, and  spato, ‘felspar,’ seem to be derived. Its origin is obscure, as in the case of. <section end="Spat" /> <section begin="Spaten" /> ,, ‘spade,’ only;  spate may be inferred from the  and   spatel, ‘little shovel’; the implied  *spato agrees with  spado,  spade (spa),  spada,  spade. These cognates are  allied to  σπάθη, ‘(blade of a) sword.’  spada, ‘sword’ (to which  épée is allied), is usually derived from  rather than from. <section end="Spaten" /> <section begin="Spatz" /> ,, ‘sparrow,’ from the late  spatz, ; a pet term peculiar to , and allied to  spar (see ). The assumed connection with the   passer (for *spat-ter?) is less probable. <section end="Spatz" /> ,, ‘to walk,’ from the  spatzieren. Borrowed in the 13th from  spaziare, ‘to roam.’ <section begin="Specht" /> ,, ‘woodpecker,’ from the  and  spëht, ;  specht and  speight, ‘woodpecker,’ are  loan-words; also  and  spëch (from a  spëcca are derived  espeche,  epeiche, ‘woodpecker’). Probably cognate with pîcus, ‘woodpecker’; the name is said to mean ‘speckled,’ and is usually connected with  pingo, ‘I paint,’ pictus ( ποικίλος), ‘ornate,’ or with  speck,  spëcca, ‘spot.’ If  spëht ( specht) be not allied to  pîcus, it may be referred as ‘spy, watcher,’ to the root of, ‘to spy.’  ,  to Spëhtes hart,  ‘woodpecker's forest.’ <section end="Specht" /> <section begin="Speck" /> ,, ‘bacon, lard, fat,’ from the  spëc (ck),  spëcch, ; corresponding to  spek,  spic,  spik, , ‘blubber.’ A   term,<section end="Speck" />