Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/35

As  arzât with arzâter, arciâter, archiâter, since the  and  form itself points to the  form. Moreover, the technical terms of Greek physic found their way at an early period to the West, but always through the medium of and. The unique arzâte(r) was entirely unknown to ( medico,  mirc,  médecin, which of course were also unknown to ). Concerning arz-, erz-, as the representative of άρχι-, see. The theory advanced on account of, ‘mill-wright,’ that  arzât is from  artista, is on phonetic and historical grounds unwarranted. artista was not used for medical practitioners until late in the Middle Ages ( artiste vétérinaire); the word too is unknown in earlier. On the other hand, we meet with archiatri even as far back as the king Childebert and Charlemagne. See besides.   ',, ', only, from the   as, , ‘the ace (of dice or cards), a small weight’ ( as). In the prevalent term for the ‘ace (of dice)’ was esse, which comes from  assis (a later collateral form of as). .   , see .—

,, ‘pot, basin, bowl’ (to which is allied), from  asch,  asc, , ‘dish, basin, boat’;  ‘of ash.’ See.    (1.),, ‘ashes, cinders,’ from asche (esche),  asca, , ‘ashes’; corresponds to  asch,  asce, œsce, ,  ashes (but also  in bone-ash, potash, &c.);  aska, , ‘ashes’; akin also to the abnormal  azgô, , ‘ashes’ (but  ascua is borrowed). Trustworthy correspondences in other languages are wanting, nor is allied to it. —   , see under. —   , ‘ash,’ in the compound (for which the  form is aschtac), occurs even in  in compounds. —   ,, ‘shallot,’ aschlouch, a corruption of the   ascalonium. See.    (2.),, ‘grayling,’ from the  asche,  asco, ; scarcely allied to , as if the fish were named from its ash-grey colour;  lasco. <section end="Asche2" /> <section begin="Assel" /> ',, , ‘woodlouse,’  only; generally derived from  asellus, ‘little ass,’ and might have been named from its grey colour;    ὄνος, ὀνίσκος, ‘ass, woodlouse,’  asello, ‘woodlouse.’ Yet the ' the  word, as well as the dialectic variant atzel, might militate against this derivation; hence a pre- stem at, att'' (allied to ?) seems to be at the base of it. also. <section end="Assel" /> <section begin="Aft" /> ,, ‘bough, branch,’ from the  and  ast, , ‘branch,’ corresponding to the   asts. The term is unknown to the other dialects, yet its great antiquity is incontestable because of the agreement of astaz (a permutation of the pre- ozdos; , and the examples cited there of the permutation of the Aryan zd, sd, to  st) with  ὄζος (ὄσθοε), ‘branch, twig, knot, node (of a tree)’; the latter with  ost, ‘branch,’ is likewise based upon osdos. The meanings of the word admit the supposition of its being allied to  ôst ( aust),  oest,  ôst, ‘knot, node’ (Aryan stem ôsdo-). <section end="Aft" /> <section begin="Aß" /> , see and. <section end="Aß" /> <section begin="Atem" /> ,, from the  âtem (âten),  âtum, , ‘breath, spirit’;   der heilege âtem,  der wîho âtum, ‘the Holy Spirit;’  collateral form ( dialectic). The word is not found in ; in ahma, ‘spirit,’ is used instead (see ). âðom, adem,  œ̂þm (obsolete in ), ‘breath.’ The cognates point to Aryan êtmon-,  âtmán,, ‘puff, breath, spirit’; also  athach, ‘breath,’  ἀτμός, ‘smoke, vapour.’ Whether   and  ἥτορ, ‘heart,’ are derived from the root êt, ‘to exhale, breathe,’ contained in these cognates, is questionable. <section end="Atem" /> <section begin="Ätte" /> ', ',, ‘father,’ dialectic, from atte,  atto, ‘father.’ The mutation of the  is diminutive, as is shown by the final i of the Swiss ätti. Allied to atta, ‘father’ (whence Attila,  Etzel,  ‘little, dear father’), perhaps also to  aite, ‘foster-father’ (from attios),  otĭcĭ, ‘father.’ <section end="Ätte" /> <section begin="Attich" /> ,, from the  attech (atech),  attah (attuh, atah), ‘danewort,’ borrowed and extended at an early period from  acte ( ἀκτῇ, ἀκτέα), ‘elder-tree.’   from  lactuca, also  from dactylos. <section end="Attich" /> <section begin="Atzel" /> ,, ‘magpie’; see under. <section end="Atzel" /> <section begin="ätzen" /> ,, ‘to corrode, etch, bait,’ from etzen,  ezzen, ‘to give to eat,’  ‘to make eat’; factitive of. <section end="ätzen" />