Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/323

Sch ; corresponding to the  skanda,  sčęǫnd,  schande, ; an abstract form from the root skam (see ), with the change of m into n before d, as in. further the in da- formed from the same root,  scant (see, , and ); from this is derived  ,  schęnden,  scęnten, ‘to dishonour, ravish.’   ,, ‘retail, from late *schanc, , in wîn-schanc, , ‘wine tavern’; the simple  word schanc signifies ‘vessel to pour from; present.’ Allied to.   ,, ‘cancer, chancre,’ only, formed from  chancre.    (1.),, ‘chance, fortune’; , ‘to hazard something.’ From  schanze, , ‘throw at dice, lucky throw, game’; borrowed from the   and  chance ( cadentia, ‘throwing of the dice,’  cadenza, ‘fall’).

 (2.),, ‘redoubt, earthwork,’ from late schanze, , ‘bundle of faggots, redoubt’; akin to  schans. Of obscure origin.    (1.), see.    (2.),, ‘host, troop, crowd,’ from schar, , ‘division of an army, drawn up detachment of soldiers, knot of four or more men, crowd, heap,’  skara, , ‘host.’ The meaning is not connected with. sčęalu, sčęolu ( shoal), ‘host,’ is abnormal. From is derived the  word schiera, ‘host, troop, swarm.’ See.   ,, ‘cormorant,’ from scharbe,  scarba, scarva, , ‘diver, cormorant’;   skarfr, ‘pellicanus graculus’;  scrœf?.   ,, ‘scurf, scurvy,’ early , a corruption of scorbûtus. From the same source are derived the  scheurbuik,  scurvy,  scorbuto, and  scorbut. The ultimate source of the cognates is scheurbuik, or rather its older forms with a dental in the suffix, as in scorbutus ( scheur, ‘rift, cleft,’ but, ‘bone’);  scheurbuik is also very probably a corruption, the word being connected with buik, ‘belly.’ <section end="Scharbock" /> ,, ‘sharp, acrid, acute,’ from the  and  scharf, scharpf; in the same sense occur the corresponding forms  scarp,  scherp,  sčearp,  sharp,  skarpr;  *skarpa- is  by chance not recorded. In the sense of ‘sharp, cutting,’ the following are also allied: — scrëvôn, ‘to cut in,’  scarbôn,  and  scharben, ‘to cut in pieces,’ as well as  sčeorfan, ‘to tear off’ (see ),  schrapfe ( *skrappô), ‘tool for scratching,’  to scrape; yet the final labials present a difficulty. and sarpf, as an  variant of, is abnormal, so too  snarpr, ‘sharp.’ From  are derived  escarper, ‘to cut steep down, escarp,’ escarpe, ‘slope,’  scarpa, ‘slope; locksmith's chisel.’ In the non- languages  ἅρπη, ‘sickle,’  srŭpŭ, ‘sickle,’ are allied to  sarf, though, of course, this does not explain the form ,  *skarpa-, which is perhaps connected with the  root skrap (skrab, skrb), ‘to slit, cut in’ (see ). <section begin="Scharlach" /> ,, ‘scarlet,’ from the  scharlach, scharlachen, , which is, as is shown by  scharlaken, a corruption of  scharlât, the word being thus connected with  ( lachen, ‘cloth’); scharlât (  scarlet,  scarlat) is formed from  escarlate ( écarlate), ‘scarlet stuff.’   scarlatum,  scarlatto. The ultimate source of the word is Oriental;  sakirlât (Turk. iskerlet). <section end="Scharlach" /> <section begin="Scharlei" /> ,, ‘sage’ (bot.), from scharleie, , ‘borrago, clary’; of uncertain origin, which the   schiarea,  sclareia, scarleia, are not able to elucidate. <section end="Scharlei" /> <section begin="Scharmützel" /> ,, ‘skirmish,’ from the  scharmützel, scharmutzel, , which, like  schermutseling, are derived from  scarmuccia ( escarmouche), ‘skirmish,’ which again comes from  schermire, ‘to fight.’ The ultimate origin of the word is  and  schirmen, ‘to fight.’  further  skirmish. <section end="Scharmützel" /> <section begin="Schärpe" /> ,, ‘scarf, sash,’ only, formed from the   écharpe, of which the  form escharpe, ‘wallet hung round the neck of a pilgrim,’ is derived, like  sciarpa, ‘scarf, girdle,’ from late  scharpe, ‘pocket.’ Note. <section end="Schärpe" /> <section begin="Scharreisen" /> ,, ‘scraper,’ from the  scherre,  scërra, , under the influence of. <section end="Scharreisen" /> ,, ‘to scrape, scratch,’ from the  scharren, a graded form of the