Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/322

Sch from and Turk. schakal; through the medium of chacal?.   ,, ‘to jest, joke, play,’ late (last ), from - scheker, ‘lie.’  ,, ‘hollow, stale, flat,’ from (rare) schal, , ‘turbid,’ to which  verschaln and schaln, ‘to become dim’;   verschalen, ‘to get flat or stale,’  shallow. The term, the origin of which is obscure, is wanting in the.  ,, ‘shell, peel, scale, dish,’ from schū̆l, schū̆le,  scū̆la, , ‘husk of fruit, egg-shell, &c., drinking cup’ (hence  écale, ‘egg-shell, nut-shell’). It is questionable whether the two different senses are evolved from the same word. It is at all events probable that one of the meanings was connected with a form containing ă (in the sense of ‘husk’), the other with a form containing â, just as North distinguishes skal ( ă), ‘‘scale of animals,’ &c., from skeel ( â, ê), ‘bowl.’   scâla,, ‘drinking cup,’  sčeălu, ‘husk,’  shale and (under  influence?) scale,  skál, , ‘drinking cup, scale (of a balance).’ Akin to  skalja, , ‘tile’ ( perhaps ‘shingle, similar to a scale’),  skel, ,  sčyll, ,  shell,  schel, , ‘shell, husk.’ The  and  form skalja passed into ;   scalgia,  écaille, ‘scale, shell, crust.’ The  cognates are usually connected with an Aryan root skel, ‘to split’;  , as well as  skélti, ‘to split,’  skolĭka, ‘mussel, shell-fish,’  skala, ‘crust.’—   , ‘to shell, scale, peel,’ scheln,  schellen, ‘to strip off, peel off’; allied to.   ,, ‘rogue, knave,’ from schalc, , ‘servant, serf; person of servile character,  cunning person,’  scalch, , ‘servant’; corresponding to  skalks,  skálkr,  sčealc, , ‘retainer, man’ (so too the corresponding  sčylčen, ‘‘maid-servant’). The evolution in meaning is similar to that of čyfes and wealh; see  and. passed at an early period into, in which scalco signifies ‘head-cook.’ It is worthy of note that the meaning of the word is lifted into a higher plane in its transition from to ; it is thus defined by Goethe, ‘one who plays a good-humoured practical joke.’   ,, ‘loud sound, noise,’ from the   schal ( schalles),  scal (ll), ; from this is derived  and  , akin to  scëllan,  schëllen, ‘to sound loudly, resound,’  skjalla, ‘to rattle.’ From the  verb is derived the  term  squillare, ‘to ring, resound.’ See  and.   ,, ‘reed pipe, shepherd’s pipe,’ from the  schalemîe, , which is again derived from the   chalumeau, or rather  and Wall. chalemie, scalmeia (akin to  calamus).   ,, ‘shallot,’ formed from the  échalotte, from  ascalonium, ‘onion from Ascalon (in Palestine),’ whence also. <section end="Schalotte" /> ,, ‘to go or push against the stream, direct, regulate,’ from schalten, ‘to push, impel ( a ship), set a-going, drive.’ Just as  gubernare came to mean ‘to direct, rule,’ so  acquired in  the sense of ‘to direct,’  scaltan,‘to push,’  skaldan, ‘to impel a ship’; a corresponding term is wanting in the other. Origin obscure. For derivatives see. In ', ‘sash window,’  schalter, schelter, ‘bolt,’ the  meaning of  gleams through; so too in ',  and  schalt-jâr,, ‘intercalary year,’ so named because a day is inserted. <section begin="Schaluppe" /> , f£., ‘sloop,’ only, from the   chaloupe, which is derived from  sloep, whence also the   sloop; the  variant shallop comes from. <section end="Schaluppe" /> <section begin="Scham" /> ,, ‘shame, disgrace, bashfulness, pudenda,’ , from scham,  scama, , ‘sense of shame, confusion, infamy, disgrace , pudibunda.’   skama, , ‘confusion,’  schaam- (in compounds),  sčeǫmu, , ‘shame, infamy, disgrace,’  shame;  *skama, , may be inferred from skaman, ‘to be ashamed’ ( scamên). The Aryan root skam, which also appears in, is connected with the Aryan root kam, ‘to cover oneself,’ preserved in  (which see, as well as ) and in  hamôn, so that  sik skaman, ‘to be ashamed,’ would signify  ‘to cover oneself.’ <section end="Scham" /> <section begin="Schande" /> ,, ‘disgrace, infamy,’ from the  schande,  scanta, <section end="Schande" />