Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/316

Sae , from sacramentum, signifies ‘body of Christ.’  ,, ‘to sow (seed),’ from the  sœjen, sœn,  sâen (from an  sêjan);  the   saian,  sá,  sawan,  to sow,  zaaijen,  sâjan. The root sê, ‘to sow,’ of which  and  are derivatives, is common to the Aryan group;  the  root sê in sê-vi, sa-tum, sê-men ( sero is a reduplicated  for *si-so);  sěja (sěti), ‘to sow,’  sěja (sěti), ‘to sow.’   ,, ‘saffron,’ from safrân, , which is derived from  safran (  saffron);   zafferano, the ultimate source of which is the   zâfarân.   ,, ‘sap, juice,’ from the  saft, usually saf,  saf ( saffes), ; corresponding to  sœp, ,  sap,  and  sap. Its connection with sapio ( sęven, sęppen,  sęben, ‘to observe’) and sapor is conceivable on account of  safe, ‘sap,’ provided that an Aryan root sap, sab (  sadar, ‘nectar’) seems possible (on the other band,  ὀπός, ‘sap,’ and  sokŭ are not allied). The prevalent view that sœp and  saf were borrowed from  săpa, ‘thick must,’ is unsatisfactory.   ,, ‘legend, report,’ from sage,  saga, , ‘speech, declaration, tale, rumour’; an abstract from , like  saga, , from sęcgan;  saw,  ,, ‘to say, tell, utter,’ from the  sagen,  sagên; corresponding to  sęggian,  seggen,  zeggen,  sęcgan (from *sagjan). to say, and its  segja. In both *sagan and every other derivative from the same root are wanting. sagai-, which comes by the rule of grammatical change from Aryan sokē̆y-, is closely allied to sakýti, ‘to say,’  sočiti, ‘to notify’; with this  insece, ‘I narrate’ (in-sectiones, ‘tales’), is usually connected, as well as the  root σεπ, σεκϝ in ἔννεπε for ἐν-σεπε, ἔ-σπ-ετε, ‘tell (thou or ye).’  sagim, saigim, ‘I speak, say,’ also point to a similar class. In only one loan-word of this class is found;   sayon, ‘usher’ (of a law-court),  ‘speaker.’  ,, ‘saw,’ from the  sëge, sage,  sëga, saga, ;   zaag,  sage, , and sagu, ,  saw;   sǫg,  ( *saga, , is wanting). A derivative of an Aryan root sek, sok, whence also secâre, ‘to cut,’ securis, ‘hatchet’; see further under. The ä of  is based, as is indicated by the modern , on ë; hence there is the same gradation in  sëga and saga as in  rëhho and  racu (see ), or in   and  neck. With the Aryan root sek, sok, are also connected in, sahs, ‘sword’ (see ),  scythe, and  sîðe, from sigþe;   sigðr, , ‘sickle,’  sëh,  sëch, ‘ploughshare,’ and the cognates of.   ,, ‘cream,’ from the late  ( and ) sane, ;   zaan. The word also belonged probably to, as is indicated by the derivative  (for  the  and  word  is now used, in Swiss also nĭdel, and in other  ). The origin of the cognates is obscure.   ,, ‘string’ (of a musical instrument), from seite,  and ,  seita, , seito, , ‘string, cord, fetter’;   seid, , ‘cord, noose,’  sâda, , ‘cord, noose,’ derived by means of the Aryan suffix t from the  and Aryan root sai, by gradation sī̆, ‘to bind,’ which appears in ;  further  seimr, , ‘string’ ( *sai-ma-), and síma, , ‘string,’  sîma,  sī̆mo, , ‘cord’; also  ὶ-μάς, ‘strap,’ and the  root si, ‘to bind, fetter.’ The derivatives most closely allied to the  word are  sě-tĭ, , ‘cord,’ and  saítas, , ‘cord.’ With regard to the Pre- root sī̆, see further under.   , in, see. <section end="-sal" /> <section begin="Salamander" /> ,, ‘salamander,’ from the  salamander,  and ; the origin of the meaning ‘toast’ (drunk in special honour of a guest at students' clubs), which first became current between 1830 and 1840, is very much disputed. <section end="Salamander" /> <section begin="Salat" /> ,, ‘salad,’ late salât, , from the   salata, insalata. <section end="Salat" /> <section begin="Salbader" /> ,, ‘idle talker, quack, only (the earliest reference is in the Epistolæ Obscurorum Virorum); its origin is wrongly attributed to the owner of a bathing establishment  at Jena, who bored his guests with his stale stories. Others prefer to connect it with salvator, ‘saviour,’ so that would<section end="Salbader" />