Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/311

Ros  and is instinctively connected with, ‘rose.’    (1.),, ‘grate, gridiron,’ from rôst, , ‘grate, funeral pile, glow, fire,’  rôst, , rôsta, , ‘small gridiron, frying-pan,’ The current derivation from , in which case we should have to assume ‘iron grating’ as the  sense of , does not satisfy the meaning ( rôstpfanna,  rôstpfannue). Derivative , ‘to roast, broil,’ rœsten,  rôsten, ‘to lay on the gridiron, roast’; hence the  cognates,  arrostir, ‘to roast,’  rôtir, and from this again comes  to roast.

 (2.),, ‘rust, mildew, blight,’ from and  rost, , ‘rust, aerugo, rubigo’; corresponding to the   rost,  roest,  rûst,  rust (Scotch roost), For  *rū̆sta-, ‘rust,’ nidwa, , was used. belongs to the root rū̆d (pre- rudh), ‘to be red,’ appearing in. From the same root was formed the  rosamo, which assumed early in  the meaning ‘freckle,’ as well as  ryð,,  rot,  and ,  rŭzda (for rudja), ,  rûdis (rudė́ti, ‘to rust’),  robigo, ‘rust’; also  rûsa, ‘rust,’ rusta, ‘brown colour.’    (1.), see under (1).

 (2.),, ‘to steep, water-rot flax or hemp,’ from rœȥen, rœtzen, ‘to rot, cause to rot,’ implying a connection with  (1); allied to rôȥ, , ‘mellow, soft,’ rôȥȥen, ‘to rot,’ and  rôȥȥên, ‘to rot.’ From a  root raut, ‘to rot’;   rot, ‘rotten, decayed,’  rôtôn, ‘to rot,’  rotian,  to rot, to ret (from  *reátian?), ‘to steep, water-rot,’  rotenn, ‘putrefied’; see  (2).    (1.),, ‘horse, steed,’ from and  ros ( rosses), , ‘horse,’  ‘charger,’ for earlier *hrossa-;   hross,  ros,  hors,  horse,  hross, , ‘horse.’  *hrussa- is wanting, the term used being  aíhwa- ( ëhu,  eoh,  jór),  to  equus,  ἵππος,  áçva-s ( aszvà, ‘mare’). In the term  appears;  is still used almost exclusively in  with the general sense of ‘horse.’ From the  cognates is derived the  term,  rosse, ‘sorry horse, jade,’ The origin of  hrussa- is uncertain; as far as the meaning is concerned, it may be compared, as is usually done, with   currere for *curs-ere, *cṛs-ere, root kṛs, ‘to run,’ or with the  root kûrd, ‘to leap,’ with which  hress, ‘quick,’ may also be connected. For another derivation see —   ,, ‘horse-dealer,’ from the  rostûscher, rostiuscher,  (see ), retains the  sense of the old word.    (2.),, ‘honeycomb,’ from the  râȥ, râȥe, ;  *râȥa is by chance not recorded; corresponding to  râta, ‘favus,’  raat, , ‘virgin honey’; undoubtedly a genuine  term. The derivation from radius is unfounded;  raie de miel (from raie, ‘ray,’ radius) is due to the influence of the  word, in  *rêta,, which cannot, however, be traced farther back.  ,, ‘red,’ from the  and  rôt, ; corresponding to the   rauþs,  rauðr,  reád,  red ( also reód,  rjóðr, ‘red’),  rood,  rôd. and common rauda-, from pre- roudho-, is a graded form of the widely-diffused Aryan root rū̆dh, ‘to be red,’ which appears also in   (2), as well as in  rutichôn, ‘to be reddish,’  rō̆ten, ‘to redden,’ and  rŏt, ‘red’; also in  gariudjô, ‘shamefacedness,’ and perhaps  *bi-rusnjan, ‘to honour,’  rudu, ‘redness,’ and rûd, ‘red,’  rud ( rudduc,  ruddock). In the non- languages, besides the words adduced under (2), the following are the principal cognates:  rudhirá-s, ‘red,’ rôhita, ‘red’ (for *rôdhita);  ἐρυθρός, ‘red,’ ἔρευθος, ‘redness, flush,’ ἐρυσίπελας, ‘erysipelas,’ ἐρεύθω, ‘to redden’ ( rjóða;  reódan, ‘to redden, kill’);  ruber (rubro- for *rudhro-,  ἐρυθρός, like barba for *bardhâ, see ), rufus, ‘red,’ rubidus, ‘dark red,’ rubeo, ‘to blush with shame’;  rŭdrŭ, ‘red,’ rŭděti sę, ‘to blush’;  rùdas, rùsvas, ‘reddish brown,’ raúdas, raudónas, ‘red,’ raudà, ‘red colour.’ It is noteworthy that red in several of these languages is a sign of shame. Moreover, the cognates may be explained from an Aryan root rut, which appears also in  rŭt-ilus, ‘reddish.’ — Derivatives ,, ‘red chalk,’ from  rœtel, rœtelstein, ,  ruddle;  the   rubrĭca, from ruber. — ,, ‘measles.’ —  , ‘jargon, cant,’ from rôtwalsch, ‘sharpers' language, gibberish,’ allied to rôt, ‘red-haired, deceptive’? rôt,