Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/307

Rha “dicti quidam praedones sub XI. saeculum ex rusticis collecti ac conflati qui provincias populabantur et interdum militiae principum sese addicebant”: “these people were often on horseback.” Thus ruiter could easily acquire the meaning ‘horseman’;   ruiten, ‘to plunder.’ See.   ,, ‘rhubarb,’ only, from  rabarbaro,  rhubarbe; also earlier  , from  rapontique. The word is based on the ra-, reu-ponticum, -barbarum, also radix pontica, -barbara, ‘a plant growing on the banks of the Volga.’   ,, ‘roadstead, road,’ only, from ;   ree, reede,  râde,  road; from the  class are derived the   rada and  rade. sense probably ‘place where ships are equipped’; allied to the root raid, ‘to prepare’;   reiðe, ‘ship's equipment.’ See.  ,, ‘to rub briskly, scour,’ only, intensive of. ,, ‘to regulate, direct, judge, condemn,’ from and  rihten, ‘to set right,’   from.  ,, ‘doe,’ by chance not recorded only in ; *riche and  *riccha are wanting, but may be assumed from the archaic form of   (Swiss rikχe). In *rikki, ‘doe,’ would be a derivative  form of  (raiha-).  ,, ‘to smell,’ from riechen,  riohhan,  , ‘to smoke, steam, emit vapour, smell’;   ruiken, rieken, ‘to smell,’  reócan, ‘to smoke, emit vapour,’  rjúka, ‘to smoke, exhale.’ The  root rū̆k signified ‘to smoke’; see further under  and. In the non- languages the stem is not found.  ,, ‘furrow in wood, stone, &c.,’ only, from ;   geriflian, ‘to wrinkle,’ with which  rifle,  ‘the fluted weapon,’ and rivel, ‘wrinkle, fold,’ are connected. rifa,, ‘slit, rift,’ allied to rífa, ‘to tear to pieces, slit.’   ,, ‘row,’ from rige,  rī̆ga, , ‘line, row’ ( *riga, , is wanting); allied to ,  rîhan, ‘to form in a row.’ From  are derived  riga, ‘line, strip,’ and rigoletto, ‘chain-dance.’   ,, ‘rail, bar, bolt,’ from rigel,  rigil, , ‘crossbar for fastening’; corresponding to  and   rail,  and  regel, ‘bolt.’ It is scarcely allied to  rîhan, ‘to form in a row.’   ,, ‘strap, thong, strong,’ from rieme,  riomo, , ‘band, girdle, strap’; corresponding to  riomo, ,  riem,  reóma, ‘strap’;  *riuma, , is wanting. ῥῦμα, ‘towing-line, rope,’ is allied, and hence the Aryan root was probably rū̆ ( ἐρύω), ‘to draw.’ <section end="Riemen" /> <section begin="Ries" /> ,, ‘ream,’ from the late  ris (riȥ, rist), ,  and ; in  riem,  ream. These late cognates are borrowed from ;  the   and  risma,  rame. It is true that the form still requires further explanation. The ultimate source of and  risma is  rizma, ‘bale, bundle,’  ‘packing-paper.’ <section end="Ries" /> <section begin="Riese" /> ,, ‘giant,’ from the  rise,  risi, riso, ;   wrisi-lîc, ‘gigantic,’  wrisil,  reus, ‘giant.’  *wrisi-, or rather *wrisjan-, is wanting. It seems allied to  vṛšan, ‘mighty, manly, strong,’ to which  fairsing, ‘great, powerful,’ is also probably akin. <section end="Riese" /> <section begin="Riester" /> , ,. ‘wrist, instep, patch (on a shoe),’ only; probably a  word, but of obscure origin. This word, which is unknown to, has, according to Swiss riešter, rieštere, and , a genuine diphthong  to  iu; hence  altriuȥe, riuȥe, ‘cobbler,’ preserved in   as , ‘second-hand dealer,’ is perhaps allied. <section end="Riester" /> <section begin="Rießling" /> ,, ‘small white field-grape,’ only; perhaps a derivative of , ‘Rhætia’ (Tyrol), so that  is  ‘Rhætian’ (wine). <section end="Rießling" /> <section begin="Riet" />  (in the form ),, ‘reed,’ from the   riet,  riot, earlier hriot, ; common to West  in the same sense;   hreod,  riet,  hreód,  reed. *hriuda is wanting. Pre- *kreudho- is not found in the other groups. <section end="Riet" /> <section begin="Riff" /> ,, ‘reef,’ only, from  riff, reff;  the   rif, ,  reef, and  rif. The latter is in sound to  rif, ‘rib,’ but this is probably only an accident. It has been thought to be allied to rífa, ‘to slit, split,’ rifa, ‘rift, split’; hence probably  means  ‘the dissevered, cleft, mass of rock,’ then ‘reef.’ <section end="Riff" />