Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/296

Qua   quartz,  quarzo, and  quartz has not yet been explained.   ,, ‘tuft, tassel,’ from quast (queste, koste),  and , ‘cluster of leaves, bath-brush’ ( questa, ‘apron of leaves’);   kwast, ‘brush for sprinkling holy water, brush’ ( kost, ‘besom,’ akin to  kvistr, ‘branch’).  ,, ‘lively, quick,’ from quëc (ck),  quëc (cch), ‘living, fresh, gay’; for its early history see under the variant. —  ,, ‘quicksilver,’ from the  quëcsilber,  quëcsilbar; an imitation, like  kwikzilver,  quicksilver ( cwicseolfor), of the common  argentum vivum;   argento vivo,  vif-argent.   ,, ‘quick-grass,’ only, from ;   kweek,  cwiče,  quitch-, couch-grass; these words seem to be connected with , ‘living,’ as a term for a luxuriant weed. “No plant has more vitality than this species of grass, which is propagated by its root, and therefore is very difficult to extirpate.”   ,, ‘spring, source,’ first occurs in early (naturalised by Luther); a late derivative of the    quellen,  quëllen,  quëllan. From the variant kal (by gradation qel), derived from kelda, ‘spring’ (whence  kaltio), and  *kaldiggs, which is implied by  kladęzĭ, ‘spring’; likewise  collen, ‘swollen.’ The prehistoric root gel (gol) is related to  jala, ‘water,’ gal, ‘to curl.’ — , ‘to soak, cause to swell,’ is a factitive of  quëllan, ‘to swell.’   ,, ‘wild thyme,’ from the  quëndel, most frequently quënel (konel),  quënala (chonala), ;   kwendel,  cunele. It is hardly probable that this is an early loan-word from conîla ( κονίλη), ‘thyme,’ since the  languages have not preserved the word.  ,, ‘to be peevish, grumble,’  only, an intensive form of  twęngen, ‘to press’ (with East  qu for tw); see.  ,, ‘drachm, dram,’ from quëntîn (quintîn), ‘fourth ( perhaps fifth?) part of a  (half-an-ounce)’; from  quintînus, which is wanting in.  ,, ‘athwart, crosswise,’ from the   twër (hence twër, , ‘diagonal’); for further references see.  ,, see. <section end="Quetsche" /> ,, ‘to crash, squeeze,’ from the  quętzen (even yet  ), quętschen; akin to  quattern, quettern ( kwetsen, borrowed from ?). ,, ‘to squeak, squeal,’ only, a recent onomatopoetic word. <section begin="Quirl" /> ,, ‘whisk, twirling stick,’ from the  twirel, twirl!,  dwiril, ‘stirring stick’; akin to  twërn,  dwëran, ‘to turn, stir’; allied to the    þvara. With the root þwer (Aryan twer), are connected  τορύνη, and  trua, ‘stirring spoon.’ It is doubtful whether  is allied. <section end="Quirl" /> ,, ‘quit, rid,’ from quī̆t, ‘released, unencumbered, free’; borrowed about 1200 A.D. from the   quitte, whence also  kwijt,  quit (also  quite);  quitte and quitter, ‘to let go, forsake,’ are derived from  quietare. <section begin="Quitte" /> ,, ‘quince,’ from the  quiten,  ( *quitina is wanting), with the remarkable variant küten, from  chutina (Swiss χütene), ‘quince.’ This latter form alone renders it possible that  was borrowed from the   cotônea, which is probably represented by  cotogna and  coing (whence  quince and  kwee). The connection between cotônea (parallel form cottanum) and  κυδώνεα is obscure, and so is the relation of  *quitina to chutina. if the word was borrowed, it was introduced contemporaneously with. <section end="Quitte" /> <section begin="R" /> <section end="R" /> <section begin="Rabe" /> ,, ‘raven,’ from the  rabe (rappe),  rabo (*rappo), , also  raben,  raban, hraban, and  ram (mm),  ram, hram (with mm for mn), , ‘raven’; all these  forms point to  *hrabns. hrafn, hrœfn,,  raven,  raaf, rave. The proper names Wolf-ram, Hraban, and   preserve the old variants. Perhaps <section end="Rabe" />