Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/285

Pfa between πάπας, ‘pope,’ and παπᾶς, ‘clericus minor’; with the latter sense the cognates are connected. It would also be remarkable if the p of a Latin word introduced into at the period of the Roman conversion had undergone permutation (, , and ). The word (possibly in the vocat. form παπᾶ?) may have been widely diffused throughout Germany even in the 6th ; it was introduced perhaps at a somewhat later period than, as might be inferred from the absence of the word păpa, ‘priest,’ in  and. Here too we have a trace of the influence of the Greek Church on the Teutons; yet we cannot determine which tribe adopted παπᾶς as păpa in its vocabulary and passed on the term (the meaning of  papa in the Milan Calendar is obscure). It found its way even into, in which pape, however, was strangely enough used by the Irish anchorites found in Iceland by the Northmen when they colonised the island. With regard to pâpa see.   , m,. from the  pfâl,  pfâl,, ‘pale, stake’; allied to the   paal,  pâl,  pole, pale. The cognates were undoubtedly borrowed from pâlus (whence also  pal) contemporaneously with the cognates of, and probably also with the technical terms relating to building in stone (, , , , and ); all these words have undergone permutation in ; see also the following word.   ,, ‘palace, high official residence, palatinate,’ from pfalz, pfalze, phalenze, , ‘residence of a spiritual or temporal prince, palatinate, town-hall,’  pfalanza, pfalinza, ; corresponding to  palinza, palencea (used in the Heliand of the palace of Pilate). The current view is content with the assumption that the word is based on pălâtium, yet the relation of the one to the other is more difficult to determine than is generally imagined. As the permutation of p to  pf indicates, the word must have been naturalised in  as early as the beginning of the 8th ; in the age of Charlemagne it already existed in. Besides, the nasal of the and  derivative, which was retained down to  even, cannot be explained by the form of  palatium, nor can we discover  why it was inserted. pfalanza and palinza clearly point to  palantium, ‘murus, fastigium,’ palenca, palencum, palitium, ‘contextus ac series palorum’; we are thus led to ‘the fortress,’ or, more accurately, ‘the district enclosed by pales,’ as the  sense of the word. When, at a later period, under the Carlovingians, palatia were built in Germany, the word, which had been adopted long previously from the, acquired the meaning of the similarly sounding palatium. In later appears also palantia for palatinatus, ‘the district of a count palatine.’   ',, from the  pfant ( -des),  pfant ( -tes), ) ‘pawn, pledge, security’; it corresponds to  and  pand, and  pand, which have the same meaning. It is usually derived from  pan, ‘cloth, rag’ (from  pannus); the West  word is more closely connected, however, with  paner,  panar,  apandar, ‘to fleece a person,’ apañar, ‘to take away’; hence , ‘taking way,’ or ‘that which is seized’ ( pan, ‘the thing seized,’ whence  pawn)?.   ', , from the   pfanne,  pfanna, , ‘pan’; widely diffused in  with the same sense,  pan,  pǫnne, ,  pan. The permutation of p to  pf indicates the early existence of the word in the form panna in , perhaps about the 7th , or, on account of the coincidence of the  with the   word, far earlier. The  form of patina, ‘dish, pan,’ is scarcely adequate to serve as the immediate source of the  words;  further. From is derived the   pany.   ,, ‘parish, parsonage, living,’ from pfarre,  pfarra, ‘parish’; corresponding to  parre. The current assumption that is derived from the  and  parochia ( parrochia), paroecia ( παροικία,  paroisse), and  parish (borrowed from ), is not quite satisfactory as far as the sound is concerned, since it assumes too great a modification of the word; note  pairche from parochia. The later parra recorded in is clearly an imitation of the  word, and therefore the latter cannot be based on it. Perhaps the ecclesiastical division was connected with an *parra, ‘district,’