Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/277

Nut  simply; only apparently identical with the preceding word ; historically, however, it is probably allied to  hnutô, ‘prick.’   ',, from the  nuot, , ‘joint, groove’; allied to  hnuo, nuoa, ‘groove,’ as well as  nuoil,  nuowel, nüejel, ‘groove, plane,’ nuotîsen, ‘iron of a groove plane.’  nüejen,   ( nuoen, from *hnôjan, ‘to smooth, fit exactly,’ also belongs to a  root hnô.   ', , ‘useful,’ from  nütze,  nuzzi, , ‘profitable’;  un-nuts, ‘useless’;   nytt, ‘useful.’ Allied to , where other derivatives and cognates of the   are adduced.      (1.),  and , ‘over, above,’ from  obe, ob,  and , ‘aloft, above, across,’ so too  oba;   ufe-weard, ‘upper.’   has been retained chiefly in compounds such as  and . Allied to.

 (2.),, ‘whether, if,’ from obe, ob, op, , ‘if, as if, although, whether,’ so too  oba, with the earlier variant ibu, ‘if, whether’; corresponding to  ef, of ( gif,  if). ibai, iba, ‘whether then, perhaps, probably, lest perhaps,’ with the corresponding negative nidai, niba, ‘unless.’ The form is the  and  of iba,, ‘doubt, condition,’  ife, efe, , and if, ef, , ‘doubt.’ Hence the  meaning of the  is ‘in doubt, on condition.’ ,, ‘above, aloft,’ from obene,  obana, , ‘above, from above’; so too  oƀan, oƀana, ‘down from above,’  ufan, ‘from above,’  preserved only in ab-ove. Allied to.  (1.),, ‘upper, higher,’ from obere,  obaro, ‘the superior’;  the  of. From this was formed, even in, a new obarôst ( oberest).

 (2.),, ‘over, above, beyond,’ of and  origin, as is indicated by the stem vowel, for the o which prevails in  and  obar, oƀar,  ofer,  over, and the   over, is always represented in  by u. See and.  ,, from the  oblât, oblâte,  and , ‘the Host, wafer’; from  oblâta (from offerre, which was adopted as ), whence also the   ofelête;  oblê is formed, however, from  oublee, whence  oublie. See.   ,, with an excrescent dental as in , , , , ; from the   obeȥ,  obaȥ, , ‘fruit.’ It is a West  word;   ooft,  ofet ( *ubat is wanting, in  alden). It is uncertain whether *ubat is akin to, , root up-, thus signifying ‘what is above.’   ,, from the  ohse,  ohso, , ‘ox’; corresponding terms occur in all the  ;  aukhsa,  oxe,  oxa,  ox,  os,  ohso, ‘ox.’ The common  ohsan- (from pre- uksén-) is  cognate with  ukšán, ‘bull,’ the words  and  being also common to the Aryan group. The root is ukš, ‘to spurt out,’ or ukš, ‘to grow strong, grow up.’ If the latter is correct,  is connected with, yet it may be a  form of  vacca, ‘cow.’   ,, from the  ocker, ogger,  and , ‘ochre.’ Borrowed from  ochra (ὥχρα), ‘ochre,’ whence also  ocra,  ocre. <section end="Ocker" /> <section begin="öde" /> ,, ‘deserted, waste,’ from œde, , ‘uncultivated, uninhabited, empty, foolish, poor, infirm,’  ôdi, ‘desolate, empty’; corresponding to  auþs, ‘desolate, solitary, unfertile,’  auðr. In some of the languages of the group there occurs an  similar in sound, but apparently of a different etymology, with the meaning ‘easy.’   oði,  ôdi,  ŷþe, eáþe,  auð- (in compounds), ‘easy.’ The  meanings of both classes are uncertain. <section end="öde" /> <section begin="Öde" /> ,, ‘waste, solitude, wilderness,’ from œde,  ôdî, , ‘desert.’  the  derivative auþida, ‘desert.’ <section end="Öde" /> <section begin="Odem" /> , to. <section end="Odem" /> ,, from the  oder,  odar, ‘or, else’; the  and  ordinary form are without r;