Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/251

Mas late period (by Notker), as massa,, from  massa.    (1.), (probably quite unknown to  and ), ‘mast,’ from  and  mast,, ‘pole, flagstaff, spear-shaft,’  ‘ship's mast, tree fit for a mast’;   and  mast,  mœst,   mast,  mastr, ‘mast.’  *masta-, , ‘mast, pole,’ is wanting. According to the permutation of consonants, the latter is based on pre- mazdo- (, , and ); did mâlus for *mâdus originate in this? (also matan, ‘club,’ maite, ‘stick’?). Similarly (piscis) and  (mare) are  allied.

 (2), ‘mast (for fattening),’ from and  mast,, , and , ‘food, acorns, fattening,’  mast;   mœst, ,  mast. *masta is derived, according to the permutation of consonants, from a form mazdo-, to which  mêdas,, ‘fat,’ mêdáy, ‘to fatten,’ also points. The verbal noun  comes from  and  męsten;  mesten,  mœstan, ‘to fatten’; to this is allied the   ,  mast,  gemœst, ‘fat, fattened.’ In  gemast, gemęstet.   ,, ‘measure, standard, proportion,’ from mâȥ, , ‘measure, manner’; usually in  mâȥe, , ‘measure, definite extent of time, space, weight, strength; moderation, temperance,’  mâȥa, ;   maat,  máte, , ‘method.’ With the  root mē̆t (in ), from pre- mē̆d,  mŏdus, ‘manner,’ is also connected.   ,, ‘measure,’ allied to mâȥe; see under ,.   ,, ‘whereas,’ from the  mâȥen (of  mâȥe), ‘in the method’;  used only as an , but in  as a  also; allied to.   ,, ‘maple,’ from maȥalter, maȥolter, ,  maȥȥaltra, maȥȥoltra, , ‘maple’; the  form is due to its connection with  (older variant ). The maȥȥoltra is like affoltra, ‘apple tree,’ from apfol, a derivative of a primary  *matls. mapuldr, maple tree, with the recorded base mapol,  maple, has, instead of the  dental, an abnormal labial, presupposing  *mapls; so too  mǫpurr,, ‘maple.’ On account of  maȥȥaltra (ȥȥ for  t),   cannot be connected with  (s  to  s); nor does it belong to  maȥ, , ‘food,’  as ‘food tree’ being improbable, although maple-juice is used as a medicinal draught. *matla-, or rather *mapla-, is of obscure origin. also, where an earlier term is given. The form  is, like, a corruption of the  word. With regard to the suffix -tra, , , and.   ,, ‘moderate,’ from mœȥec,  mâzîg, , ‘moderate, temperate; of moderate size’; a derivative of ,. matig, ‘moderate.’   ,, ‘daisy, Easter daisy,’ only, formed from  matelief,  madelief, , ‘daisy’; of obscure origin; perhaps allied to ?. <section end="Maßlieb" /> <section begin="Matratze" /> ,, ‘mattress,’ from matraȥ, materaz,  and , ‘couch stuffed with wool, divan’;   matras,  mattress. The form with tz is formed from  matratium, which, with its corresponding  cognate,  matelas, is usually derived from an Arab source;  matrah, ‘pillow,’  ‘place where something is thrown.’ <section end="Matratze" /> <section begin="Matrose" /> ,, ‘sailor,’ only, from the   matroos;  and  matros. They are based on matelot ( matenot), ‘sailor,’ which again is derived through a Norman medium from  mötunautr, ‘messmate’ (the crew was divided into companies, who took their meals together). <section end="Matrose" /> ,, ‘checkmated; faint, languid, insipid,’ from mat ( mattes), , ‘checkmated’ (also figuratively), which was adopted from  in the latter half of the 12th ;   mat. matto, mattus, whence also  mat,  mate. This characteristic term, which was introduced with chess, is formed from and  schâh mât, ‘the king is dead.’ See. <section begin="Matte" />  (1.), (an  word unknown to  and ), from the   mate, matte,, ‘mead, meadow’;  *matta, , is wanting (but  mato-scrëch, ‘grasshopper,’ is preserved). *maþwa, *mêdwa, is not recorded;  meadow, mead, from  mœ̂d ( mœ̂dwe), ‘meadow,’  mâde,  mâtha, mada,  mêth. They seem to be based on a root mâþ, med, which is connected with  mêto, ‘to<section end="Matte" />